6000CMD Security Suggested Report Template Coursework Report Module: 6000CMD Security Assignment Title: E-commerce Platform. Security Analysis and Design Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Part 1: Security Analysis o 2.1 High-Level System Design o 2.2 Security Considerations & Threat Modelling o 2.3 Authentication and Authorisation Strategies o 2.4 Data Protection and Secure Design Decisions o 2.5 Security Audit & Analysis 3. Part 2: Design and Implementation o 3.1 Component Design & Information Flow o 3.2 Secure Implementation Details 4. Conclusion 5. References 6. Appendix o Appendix A: Link to GitHub Repository 1. Introduction Instructions: Start with a brief introduction to the project. Explain that this report details the design, development, and security analysis of a prototype e-commerce platform. for 'Amazing Bargain Central Ltd.', as required by the module coursework. Briefly outline the structure of the report, mentioning that it is divided into two main parts: the security analysis and the design/implementation details. This sets the scene for the reader. Your introduction should be concise and to the point. Part 1: Security Analysis 2.1 High-Level System Design Instructions: Give a high-level overview of your application's architecture. What is your tech stack (e.g., Python with Flask/Django, Node.js with Express, etc.)? How do the main parts of the system (front-end, back-end, database) connect? You don't need to go into massive detail here, but a simple block diagram could be useful to help the reader understand the overall structure of your prototype. 2.2 Security Considerations & Threat Modelling Instructions: This is a crucial section. For each key feature of the e-commerce site, identify potential security issues and threats. Think like an attacker. How could these features be abused? You should structure your discussion around the requirements from the brief: • User Accounts: (e.g., Weak passwords, credential stuffing, insecure account recovery). • Product Management (Seller & Admin): (e.g., Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in product descriptions, SQL Injection in search fields, price manipulation). • Reviews & Image Uploads: (e.g., Stored XSS in reviews, uploading malicious files disguised as images, insecure handling of file uploads). • Purchasing/Transactions: (e.g., Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) to view other users' orders, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) on the purchase action). • Logging and Analytics: (e.g., Data privacy issues, logging sensitive information like passwords by mistake). 2.3 Authentication and Authorisation Strategies Instructions: Discuss and evaluate the different strategies you considered for managing users. • Authentication: How do you verify who a user is? Compare different methods (e.g., session-based authentication with cookies vs. token-based authentication like JWT). Justify your final choice, using literature to support your arguments about which is most suitable for this application. • Authorisation: Once a user is logged in, what are they allowed to do? Explain how you will implement different access levels for the three user roles: Customer, Seller, and Admin. A Role- Based Access Control (RBAC) model is expected here. Describe the permissions for each role. 2.4 Data Protection and Secure Design Decisions Instructions: Based on the threats you identified, discuss the specific design decisions you made to protect the system and its data. • Password Management: Explain how you will store user passwords securely. You must discuss hashing and salting, and justify your choice of hashing algorithm (e.g., bcrypt, Argon2). • Session Management: How will you keep track of a logged-in user securely? Discuss things like secure cookie attributes (HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite), session timeouts, and invalidating sessions on logout. • Data Handling: How will you protect against injection attacks and XSS? Discuss input validation (checking data on the server-side) and output encoding (making sure data is displayed safely in the browser). 2.5 Security Audit & Analysis Instructions: After building your prototype, you need to test its security. In this section, describe the static and dynamic analysis tools you used (e.g., Bandit for Python code, OWASP ZAP Proxy for dynamic testing). Present the issues you found in a clear format, perhaps a table. For each issue, you must discuss its severity (how bad is it?), its potential impact (what could an attacker do with it?), and the mitigation (how did you, or would you, fix it?). Part 2: Design and Implementation 3.1 Component Design & Information Flow Instructions: Provide a more detailed look at the design of specific components. This section must include diagrams to show how information flows through the system for key processes. For example, you could include: • A sequence diagram showing the steps for user login. • A data flow diagram showing how a product review is submitted, stored in the database, and then displayed on the site. 3.2 Secure Implementation Details Instructions: This is where you show how you put the security theories from Part 1 into practice. Provide the specifics of how you addressed the key security issues. For each point, include code examples from your prototype and a justification for your approach, supported by references to security best practices or academic literature. Good examples to cover include: • Your implementation of password hashing. • The code that handles user sessions and authorisation checks. • Code showing your use of parameterised queries (prepared statements) to prevent SQL injection. • How you sanitise user input from reviews before storing or displaying it to prevent XSS. 4. Conclusion Instructions: Summarise the work you have done. Briefly recap the project's goals, the key security measures you implemented, and the findings from your security audit. You can also briefly mention any limitations of your prototype and what future work could be done to improve the system's security further. 5. References Instructions: Provide a list of all the books, articles, and online resources you referred to in your report. Use a consistent referencing style. (e.g., Harvard, APA). 6. Appendix Appendix A: Link to GitHub Repository Instructions: Provide the full link to your private Coventry University GitHub repository containing the source code for your application. Please ensure you have added the teaching staff as collaborators so they can access it. Repository Link: [Insert your GitHub repository URL here]
Assignment Information Module Name: Security Module Code: 6005CEM Assignment Title: Coursework Assignment Due: 1st December 2025, 18:00 UK time If you do not pass this assessment you may have an opportunity to resit it. If you do need to resit, you will be asked to use the feedback provided to revise your original submission , so that it meets the pass requirements for the module. You must clearly indicate the changes you have made in the new submission. Please check your SOLAR results and the submission links on your Aula module page to see when the resit is due. Assignment Credit: 20 credits Word Count (or equivalent): 1500 words +/- 10% Assignment Type: Percentage Grade (Applied Core Assessment). You will be provided with an overall grade between 0% and 100%. To pass the assignment you must achieve a grade of 40% or above. Assignment Task The Coursework component consists of practical work on the development of a secure IT system. In this coursework you are required design and develop a secure web application. Details of the design criteria can be found in the attached specification document. Your submission should include a report to provide details of the design of the system, discussing and justifying any security related decisions. The design of the system should be fully complete. While you are not expected to provide a fully completed working production system, you should submit a working prototype with some core functioning features demonstrating the implementation of secure components. The submitted coursework should contain: Part 1: Security analysis report. In this part you should give an overview of the high level design for the site. You should discuss and evaluate the security considerations for your design. • An overview of potential security issues that could effect each element of the design requirements • Discussion of different Authentication and Authorisation strategies for the site. • Discussion and recommendations of design decisions that deal with potential security / data protection elements. For example: When discussing User based functionality, you will want to discuss: • Session Management Strategies, how the site keeps track of user state and its impact. • Password management, and storage • Details of different user access levels, and requirements. After you have implemented the application, you will use both static and dynamic analysis tools (e. Bandit, ZAP Proxy) to audit your web application. Highlight the issues found by the tools and discuss their severity, impact and mitigation. You are expected to use the literature to support the design decisions, justifying your design choices against current best practice. Part 2: Design and Implementation For this part you are expected to provide the full design and implementation details of the components identified in part one of the report. This should include the specifics of how you address the issues identified, including justification and supporting your design with the literature. You should supply the design of the individual components, to support the high-level design. This must include diagrams showing information flow, and code examples. Submission Instructions: • Submit the coursework by the due date using the link on Aula. • Your assignment should be submitted as a single Microsoft Word document containing the design report. • Your application source code must be submitted via Coventry University's Github https://github.coventry.ac.uk/ (NOT github.com). You should include a clear link to the Github repository in an appendix in your report. • Important: Your Github repositories, should be set to private, with the relevant teaching staff added as collaborators. Having a publicly available repository could lead to an academic misconduct case being raised against you, as people have been known to steal work from other students' repos. Marking and Feedback How will my assignment be marked? Your assignment will be marked by the module team. How will I receive my grades and feedback? Provisional marks will be released once internally moderated. Feedback will be provided by the module team alongside grades release on Turnitin. Your provisional marks and feedback should be available within 2 weeks (10 working days). What will I be marked against? Details of the marking criteria for this task can be found at thebottom of this assignment brief. Assessed Module Learning Outcomes The Learning Outcomes for this module align to the marking criteriawhich can be found at the end of this brief. Ensure you understand the marking criteria to ensure successful achievement of the assessment task. The following module learning outcomes are assessed in this task: 1. Critically evaluate a range of encryption and authentication methods for a given set of requirements. 2. Evaluate different approaches to assessing a systems security and use these to critically evaluate the security of a system. 3. Utilise systematic knowledge to create secure environments at the host or network level. 4. Develop and evaluate software that addresses the most common and most severe security concerns.
N1612 Week 1 Workshop Question Required: This is revision so you should be able to work out the answers without looking anything up. If you cannot do these transactions, you need to spend time this week doing some revision of last year’s financial accounting. Assume the business is using perpetual inventory system. Giants Ltd has the following balance sheet as at 30th June 2021. Giants Ltd Balance sheet as at 30th June 2021 Assets Non-current assets Equipment £50,000 Accumulated depreciation -£10,000 Total non-current assets £40,000 Current assets Prepaid rent £900 Inventory £6,000 Trade receivables £8,000 Cash at bank £5,000 Total current assets £19,900 Total assets £59,900 Equity and Liabilities Equity Capital £15,000 Retained earnings £10,200 Total owners' equity £25,200 Non-current liabilities Bank loan £30,000 Total non-current liabilities £30,000 Current liabilities Wages payable £1,200 Trade payables £3,500 Total current liabilities £4,700 Total liabilities £34,700 Total equity and liabilities £59,900 During the year ended 30th June 2022, Giants Ltd had the following transactions: 1. Purchased inventory on credit for £35,000 (this means the business did not pay cash for the goods purchased). 2. Sold inventory on credit for £62,000 (this means the customers did not pay cash for the goods sold). That inventory had cost £31,000. 3. Received £59,000 from its credit customers. 4. Paid £33,000 of the amount owing to its suppliers. 5. Paid wages of £9,000. £900 was still owed for wages at the end of the year. 6. Paid rent of £4,400 for the period 1st October 2021 to 30th September 2022. 7. Paid interest on the bank loan for the year. The interest rate for the loan is 6% per year. 8. The equipment was purchased on 1st July 2020. It has a useful life of 5 years and a residual value of £0. Straight line depreciation is used. 9. Paid dividends of £4,000. You are required to: 1. Record the transactions in journal entry format. 2. Prepare an income statement for the year ended 30th June 2022 3. Prepare a statement of changes in owners’ equity for the year ended 30th June 2022 4. Prepare a balance sheet as at 30th June 2022 5. Comment on the liquidity of Giants Ltd using ratio analysis. To help you: Giants Ltd Income statement for the year ended 30th June 2022 Sales Cost of sales Gross profit Wages expense Rent expense Interest expense Depreciation expense Net profit Giants Ltd Statement of changes in owners' equity for the year ended 30th June 2022 Capital Ret earnings Total Opening balance Increases Profit for the year Decreases Dividends Closing balance Giants Ltd Balance sheet as at 30th June 2022 Assets Non-current assets Equipment Accumulated depreciation Total non-current assets Current assets Prepaid rent Inventory Trade receivables Cash at bank (w1) Total current assets Total assets Equity and Liabilities Capital Retained earnings Total equity Liabilities Non-current liabilities Bank loan Total non-current liabilities Current liabilities Trade payables Wages payable Total current liabilities Total liabilities Total equity and liabilities
Coursework: Spoken Interface for Human–Robot Interaction Weighting: 50% of module grade Authorship: Individual Assessed Learning Outcomes This coursework assesses the following module learning outcomes: LO3: Apply techniques and algorithms for spoken interfaces. LO4: Assess concepts and challenges in spoken interfaces, particularly in robotics contexts. Assignment Brief You are required to design and implement a spoken interface for a robotics application, demonstrating how speech can be used to interact with or control a robot. Your system may focus on any aspect of spoken human–robot interaction, such as: Voice commands to control robot movement or behaviour (simulation or real robot) Speech-based game commentary or referee assistant for robot football Interactive dialogue system for robot coordination or teamwork Voice-guided setup, calibration, or status reporting for a robot You may use MATLAB, or any other software of your choice. This coursework has two components: Presentation (20 points) Technical Report (30 points) Together they account for 50% of your final module grade. Component 1: Presentation (20 points) Task Record a 10-minute video presentation in which you: 1.Present your spoken interface concept and its relevance to robotics. 2.Explain and demonstrate your developed system (code, logic, and execution). 3.Show your system interacting with spoken input in real time or simulation. 4.Reflect briefly on challenges, learning outcomes, and future improvements. Submission Requirements Upload a PowerPoint (.pptx) file to Canvas containing: A link to your video presentation (e.g., YouTube or OneDrive; your face may be blurred if preferred). A link to your code repository (e.g., GitHub). Alternatively, you can upload your video and code directly to Canvas. Marks awarded for: Applied techniques and algorithms (4%) Demonstration and explanation (8%) System performance and interaction (5%) Reflection and analysis (3%) Component 2: Technical Report (30 points) Task Prepare a concise technical report (up to approximately 3,000 words) documenting your spoken interface design and implementation, focusing on its application in robotics. Submission Requirements Length: Up to approximately 3,000 words (about 3–6 pages, excluding references and appendices) Format: Single-column layout, clear and professional Font: Times New Roman or Calibri, 11 pt Line spacing: 1.15–1.5 Margins: Standard (2.5 cm on all sides) File type: PDF Upload: Submit on Canvas before the deadline Content must include: Introduction & Motivation: The robotics context (e.g., human–robot collaboration). System Design: Overview of speech-processing pipeline, robot integration, and interaction logic. Implementation Details: Software tools, datasets, or speech models used. Results & Evaluation: Demonstrate functionality, analyse strengths and limitations. Reflections & Future Work: Discuss challenges, learning gained, and potential improvements.. References: List all cited works in a consistent style. (e.g., IEEE or APA). Links: Include URLs to your video presentation and code repository. Marks awarded for: Implementation quality (6%) Interactive functionality (6%) Evaluation & Analysis (12%) Report clarity & reflection (6%) Guidance and Recommendations · Choose a manageable project scope; a fully integrated speech–robot system is not required — focus on a working prototype that demonstrates interaction and understanding of spoken interface principles. Be creative — examples include: “Speech-Based Command Sharing for Autonomous Robot” “Spoken Command and Feedback Framework for Service Robots” “Speech-Based Interaction Models for Social Robots” “A Context-Aware Spoken Dialogue System for Human–Robot Teamwork” “Spoken Dialogue System for Multi-Robot Collaboration” Type of Feedback to be given for this assignment: To be posted on Canvas. Individual feedback to be provided. Information regarding the use of genAI: Assignment Brief Template – Category 2 Unauthorised use of genAI for content creation, but allowed for proof-reading. For this assignment you are not allowed to collaborate with AI tools, such as ChatGPT, CoPilot, Gemini, DALL-E, Midjourney etc. Guidelines: In this assessment you are permitted to use genAI tools (or a proofreader or proofreading service) to proofread your work but not permitted to use AI tools in the creation of content for your work. To do so would be considered to be academic misconduct. To what extent can you use genAI tools or a proofreader or a proofreading service to help you with your assessment? Neither a proof-reader nor a proof-reading tool (whether genAI or not) can ever be used to make changes to your work directly; the proof-reader or proof-reading tool must only identify and draw attention to possible changes which you can then choose to accept or reject; this will ensure that you remain the author of your work. For clarity, where a proofreader, proofreading service or genAI tool is used, they/it may only: • identify spelling and typographical errors; • identify poor grammar; • highlight formatting errors or inconsistencies; • identify errors in labelling of diagrams, charts or figures; • identify areas for possible improvement; • highlight a sentence or paragraph where the meaning is not clear; or draw attention to repeated phrases or omitted words. If you use a proof-reading service, which includes an AI Tool (e.g. Grammarly) you must declare this, otherwise this would also be an academic misconduct offence under the UPR 14 App3. Additional information: · Regulations governing assessment offences, including Plagiarism and Collusion, are available from https://www.herts.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/237625/AS14-Apx3-Academic-Misconduct.pdfLinks to an external site.Links to an external site.(UPR AS14). · Guidance on avoiding plagiarism can be found here: https://herts.instructure.com/courses/61421(see the Referencing section) For undergraduate modules: o a score of 40% or above represents a pass performance at honours level. o late submission of any item of coursework for each day or part thereof (or for hard copy submission only, working day or part thereof) for up to five days after the published deadline, coursework relating to modules at Levels 0, 4, 5, 6 submitted late (including deferred coursework, but with the exception of referred coursework), will have the numeric grade reduced by 10 grade points until or unless the numeric grade reaches or is 40. Where the numeric grade awarded for the assessment is less than 40, no lateness penalty will be applied
N1612 Intermediate Financial Accounting – Workshop 2 1. Basic Consolidated statement of financial position On 31 Dec 2022 P ltd acquired 100% of the issued ordinary share capital of S ltd. Their statements of financial position on 31 Dec 2022 are shown below. Required prepare the consolidated statement of financial position on 31 Dec 2022 The statement of financial position as at 31 Dec 2022 P Ltd S Ltd £ £ PPE 25,000 4,000 Investment in S Ltd 5,000 Current Assets 30,000 16,000 60,000 20,000 Share Capital 20,000 5,000 Reserves 30,000 0,000 50,000 5,000 Current Liabilities 10,000 15,000 60,000 20,000 2. Consolidation with Goodwill On 31 Dec 2022 P ltd acquired 100% of the issued ordinary share capital of S ltd. Their statements of financial position on 31 Dec 2022 are shown below. Required prepare the consolidated statement of financial position on 31 Dec 2022, assuming the assets and liabilities of S ltd are measured at fair value in the statement below. The statement of financial position as at 31 Dec 2022 P Ltd S Ltd £ £ PPE 25,000 4,000 Investment in S Ltd 10,000 Current Assets 30,000 12,000 65,000 16,000 Share Capital 20,000 5,000 Reserves 35,000 1,000 55,000 6,000 Current Liabilities 10,000 10,000 65,000 16,000 3. Goodwill Calculation P ltd acquired 600 £1 ordinary shares in S ltd for £4,000 on 1 Jan 2022. At that date the capital & reserves of S Ltd were: £ Share Capital (£1 ord shares) 1,000 Retained Earnings 5,000 6,000 At the acquisition date, the fair value of non-controlling interest is estimated to be £3,000 Calculate the goodwill arising on acquisition if non-controlling interest measured at fair value. 4. Pre/Post Acquisition reserves On 1 Jan 2022 P ltd acquired 100% of the issued ordinary share capital of S ltd. On that date, the retained earnings reserve of S ltd was £10,000. Required prepare the consolidated statement of financial position on 31 Dec 2022. Their statements of financial position on 31 Dec 2022 are shown below. Statement of financial position as at 31 Dec 2022 31 Dec 2022 P Ltd S Ltd £ £ PPE 50,000 10,000 Investment in S Ltd 25,000 Current Assets 40,000 25,000 115,000 35,000 Share Capital 25,000 10,000 Retained Earnings 75,000 15,000 100,000 25,000 Current Liabilities 15,000 10,000 115,000 35,000 5. Non controlling interest question (Minority Interest) On 1 Jan 2022 P ltd acquired 8,000 ordinary shares in S ltd. On that date the retained earnings reserve of S ltd was £10,000 and the fair value of non-controlling interest was £5,000. Required Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position on 31 Dec 2022. Their statements of financial position on 31 Dec 2022 are shown below. Statement of financial position as at 31 Dec 2022 31 Dec 2022 P Ltd S Ltd £ £ PPE 50,000 10,000 Investment in S Ltd 25,000 Current Assets 40,000 25,000 115,000 35,000 Share Capital (£1) 25,000 10,000 Retained Earnings 75,000 15,000 100,000 25,000 Current Liabilities 15,000 10,000 115,000 35,000 6. Self-study exercise On 1 Jan 2022 P ltd acquired 7,000 ordinary shares in S ltd. On that date the retained earnings reserve of S ltd was £10,000 and the fair value of non-controlling interest was £6,000. Required Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position on 31 Dec 2022. Their statements of financial position on 31 Dec 2014 are shown below. Statement of financial position as at 31 Dec 2022 31 Dec 2022 P Ltd S Ltd £ £ PPE 50,000 10,000 Investment in S Ltd 25,000 Current Assets 40,000 25,000 115,000 35,000 Share Capital (£1) 25,000 10,000 Retained Earnings 75,000 15,000 100,000 25,000 Current Liabilities 15,000 10,000 115,000 35,000
Longer Essay Longer Essay:Due Friday 6 June by 6 pm 2500 words Write an essay of 2500 words (+/-10%),following your submitted Essay Plan,on ONE of the topics below(word count includes footnotes and Bibliography).Your essay must be a comparative interwoven discussion.We strongly advise you NOT to try to write it at the last minute,but to prepare carefully and draft it several times.Start on it early and work on it steadily towards the deadline. Follow your marked Essay Plan,unless your argument changes or you see a better way(N.B.you will not be penalised if you do not follow your plan,but a good plan will help you write a better essay). Important note on duplication: In this assignment you may not write on the play that you analysed for your close reading assignment.You may write on Shakespeare's Anthony and Cleopatra. Presentation of assignments Assignments should be submitted on Canvas and must be typed in 12-point font with 1/spacing between lines(makes it easier for the marker to read).Each page should be numbered and carry your name on the top right-hand corner.We reserve the right to ask you also for a hardcopy if circumstances require.Marks will be deducted for poorly formatted work as well as for spelling and other technical errors of composition.Please check your work carefully,including using a spell and grammar checker. Referencing For this assignment,you are strongly encouraged,but not required,to work with secondary critical material on your topic(different topics will lend themselves to this in different ways).Works on the Recommended Reading list in your Course Information document are good places to start as well as reading lists for individual plays under Modules.The library has a lovingly curated collection of monographs and essay collections on Shakespearean drama on Floor 6,starting with 822.3. Physically browsing the shelves may yield better fruit than going to JSTOR for the latest articles. For guidance on citation style go to http://www.library.auckland.ac.nzlstudy-skills/referencin g (http://www.library aucklandac.nz/study-skills/referencing) or consult the English Essay Writing Guide already distributed.Your assignment must include a bibliography. Marking Your essay will be marked on its clarity and concision of writing,coherence of argument,use of evidence to support that argument,and presentation,including issues of formatting and intelligibility. TOPICS 1.1."We are not greatly concerned with the characters as individuals...In Jacobean tragedy,it is not primarily the conduct of the individual,but of the society which assails him [or her],that stands condemned."--J.W.Lever(1971) How true do you think this view is?Discuss using examples drawn from at least three plays on the Course. 2.'A recent performance of Shakespeare's King Lear accidentally descended into pantomime after a fake eyeball hit an audience member in the face before landing in her ice cream.'--Daily Telegraph,5 November 2016 Using examples from at least three plays on the course,write an essay about the use of grotesque, ridiculous and disgusting effects in tragedy.Does their use enhance,undermine,or have some other effect on the emotional dignity and power we usually associate with the genre? 3.'What we see in the tragic drama of the English Renaissance,with both male and female protagonists,is an energetic and powerful resistance to oppression,suppression,silencing,and eradication'. Use the above statement as your starting-point for a discussion of at least three prescribed plays. 4.It remains true that in their growing fascination with the human psyche,Elizabethan and Jacobean dramatists characteristically wrote as though the self were a distinct entity that could be located at the hidden core of being.' Discuss this account of the playwrights'interest in presenting“selfhood”with reference to three prescribed plays. 5.'By treating Renaissance drama as literature,we are inclined to forget its magnificent,shameless theatricality'. Discuss the theatrical dimension of at least three plays on the course,making use(where appropriate)of your knowledge of Elizabethan theatres and illustrating your answer by reference to any stage productions you may have seen. 6.'The action of revenge tragedy...involves a system of tormenting paradox.The dream of re- membering the violated past and destroying a tainted order is fulfilled only at the cost of repeating the violation and spreading the taint.'(Michael Neill) Discuss how the paradox Neilldescribes operates in three revenge tragedies on the course. 7.A topic of your own devising,treating at least three plays,presented to and approved by Dr Tomlinson and then submitted as an essay plan at the required time (i.e.if you want to do this option,you need to start thinking and planning and getting permission NOW).
N1612 BSc Accounting and Finance Second Year Intermediate Financial Accounting Mock Exam SECTION A In this section you do not need to explain your answer. Just state the letter of the response that is the answer that you have chosen. For each question choose only one letter that represents the best answer. This section has a 60% weighting Question1 Pat Plc acquired 80% Susan Ltd on 1st June 2022. In August 2022 Pat Plc sold a machine for £100,000 cash to Susan Ltd. Susan Ltd this machine to an external party in the same month. The related transactions were reported correctly in the books of the two companies. In preparing the accounts for consolidation, which of the following is correct: a. The PPE of both companies should be reduced by £100,000 b. The PPE of Pat Plc should be reduced by £100,000 c. The PPE of Susan Ltd should be reduced by £100,000 d. There is no adjustment needed for either of the companies. Question 2 AAP ltd acquired 70% of Joy ltd for £300,000 on 01.05.2013. On that date Joy ltd had in issue 200,000 ordinary shares of £0.5 (each issued at 80p when the company was incorporated). Joy ltd’s share price on 01.05.2013 was quoted at £1.05 and on that date the fair value of its identifiable assets was the same as their book value. On 01.05.2013 Juice's retained earnings were £180,000 and the fair value of its identifiable assets was the same as their book value. The goodwill in Juice (non-controlling interest measured at fair value) at acquisition date is: a. £40,000 b. -£97,000 c. £120,000 d. £23,000 Question 3 What is the amount of the unrealised profit to be eliminated if the parent’s year-end inventory includes at £540,000 goods invoiced to it by its 60% owned subsidiary at a mark-up of 25%. a. £108,000 b. £64,800 c. £81,000 d. £135,000 Question 4 Ruby Co owns 30% of Emerald Co and exercises significant influence over it. Emerald Co sold goods to Ruby Co for £160,000. Emerald Co applies a one-third mark-up on cost. Ruby Co still had 25% of these goods in inventory at the year end. What amount should be deducted from consolidated retained earnings in respect of this transaction? a. 2,000 b. 1,500 c. 3,000 d. 4,500 Question 5 Wetherby Co purchased a machine on 1 July 20X7 for £500,000. It is being depreciated on a straight-line basis over its useful life of ten years. Residual value is estimated at £20,000. On 1 January 20X8, following a change in legislation, Wetherby Co fitted a safety guard to the machine. The safety guard cost £25,000 and has a useful life of five years with no residual value. What amount will be charged to profit or loss for the year ended 31 March 20X8 in respect of depreciation on this machine? a. 37,000 b. 36,250 c. 35,250 d. 37,250 Question 6 On 30 September 20X7 the impairment review was carried out. The following amounts were established in respect of the machine: ＄ Carrying amount 850,000 Value in use 760,000 Fair value 850,000 Costs of disposal 30,000 What should be the carrying amount of the machine following the impairment review? a. 760,000 b. 820,000 c. 850,000 d. 800,000 Question 7 On 1 January 20X6 Fellini Co hired a machine under a four-year lease. A deposit of $700,000 was payable on the commencement of the lease on 1 January 20X6. The present value of the future lease payments was $1,871,100. A further 3 instalments of $700,000 are payable annually in advance. The interest rate implicit in the lease is 6%. What amount will appear under non-current liabilities in respect of this lease in the statement of financial position of Fellini Co at 31 December 20X6? [Answers to nearest $'000] a. $742,000 b. $1,283,000 c. $1,872,000 d. $700,000 Question 8 On 1 October 20X2 Pricewell Co entered into a contract to construct a bridge over a river. The total contract revenue was $50 million and construction is expected to be completed on 30 September 20X4. Costs to date are: Materials, labour and overheads: $12m Specialist plant acquired 1 October 20X2 $8m The sales value of the work done at 31 March 20X3 has been agreed at $22 million and the estimated cost to complete (excluding plant depreciation) is $10 million. The specialist plant will have no residual value at the end of the contract and should be depreciated on a monthly basis. Pricewell Co recognises satisfaction of performance obligations on the percentage of completion basis as determined by the agreed work to date compared to the total contract price. What is the profit to date on the contract at 31 March 20X3? a. $13,200,000 b. $11,440,000 c. $10,000,000 d. $8,800,000 Question 9 Intellect intelligence Co receives a government grant of $400,000 on 1st April 20X6 to facilitate purchase on the same day of an asset which costs $600,000. The asset has a five-year useful life and is depreciated on a 25% reducing balance basis. Company policy is to account for all grants received as deferred income. What amount of income will be recognized in respect of the grant in the year to 31st March 20X8? a. $75,000 b. $100,000 c. $125,000 d. $120,000 Question 10 By 19th August 2023 an evidence had emerged suggesting that Sussex Co's machine was impaired. Select the external indicator of impairment. a. The management decides to rearrange the business and the machine will not be used for two years. b. There is an unexpected damage happened to the machine c. There was a new legal requirement on reducing the useful life of the machine d. A fire in the factory had damaged part of the machine. Question 11 Derringdo Co is a broadband provider which receives government assistance to provide broadband to remote areas. Derringdo Co invested in a new server at a cost of $800,000 on 1 October 20X2. The server has an estimated useful life of ten years with a residual value equal to 15% of its cost. Derringdo Co uses straight-line depreciation on a time apportioned basis. The company received a government grant of 30% of its cost price of the server at the time of purchase. The terms of the grant are that if the company retains the asset for four years or more, then no repayment liability will be incurred. Derringdo Co has no intention of disposing of the server within the first four years. Derringdo Co's accounting policy for capital-based government grants is to treat them as deferred income and release them to income over the life of the asset to which they relate. What is the net amount that will be charged to operating expenses in respect of the server for the year ended 31 March 20X3? a. $10,000 b. $28,000 c. $22,000 d. $34,000 Question 12 Derringdo Co is a broadband provider which receives government assistance to provide broadband to remote areas. Derringdo Co invested in a new server at a cost of $800,000 on 1 October 20X2. The server has an estimated useful life of ten years with a residual value equal to 15% of its cost. Derringdo Co uses straight-line depreciation on a time apportioned basis. The company received a government grant of 30% of its cost price of the server at the time of purchase. The terms of the grant are that if the company retains the asset for four years or more, then no repayment liability will be incurred. Derringdo Co has no intention of disposing of the server within the first four years. Derringdo Co's accounting policy for capital-based government grants is to treat them as deferred income and release them to income over the life of the asset to which they relate. What amount will be presented under non-current liabilities at 31 March 20X3 in respect of the grant? a. $204,000 b. $228,000 c. $216,000 d. $240,000 Question 13 Derringdo Co also sells a package which gives customers a free laptop when they sign a two-year contract for provision of broadband services. The laptop has a stand-alone price of $200 and the broadband contract is for $30 per month. In accordance with IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, what amount will be recognised as revenue on each package in the first year? Select the correct answer from the options below: a. $281 b. $439 c. $461 d. $158 Question 14 A cash-generating unit comprises the following assets: $000 Building 500 Plant and equipment 120 Goodwill 60 Current assets 150 830 One of the machines, carried at $20,000, is damaged and will have to be scrapped. The recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is estimated at $690,000. What will be the carrying amount of the plant and equipment after the impairment loss has been recognised? (to the nearest $000) a. $90,000 b. $450,000 c. $80,000 d. $75,000 Question 15 Jean Co entered into a lease for an item of plant on 1st July 2020 which required payments of £20,000 to be made annually in arrears, with the first payment required to pay on 30 June 2021. The present value of the lease payments was estimated to be £ 43,294 at the commencement of the lease and the rate of interest implicit in the lease was 5%. Both the lease term and the plant’s estimated useful life was five years. There is no residual value of this item of plant at the end of useful life and Jean Co accounts for depreciation and finance charges on monthly basis. What is the total amount that should be charged to Jean Co’s statement of profit or loss relevant to this right-of-use asset for the year ended on 31st December 2020 [Answers to nearest £]? a. £5,412 b. £1,263 c. £3,030 d. £1,768 Question 16 On 1st October 20X5 Dearing Co acquired a machine under the following terms. £ Cost 1,050,000 Trade discount (applying to cost only) 20% Freight charges 30,000 Electrical installation cost 28,000 Staff training in use of machine 40,000 Pre-production testing 22,000 Purchase of a three-year maintenance contract 60,000 On 1st October 20X7 Dearing Co decided to upgrade the machine by adding new components at a cost of £200,000. This upgrade led to a reduction in the production time per unit of the goods being manufactured using the machine. What amount should be recognised under non-current assets as the cost of the machine on 1st October 20X5? a. £840,000 b. £898,000 c. £870,000 d. £920,000 Question 17 On 1st October 20X5 Dearing Co acquired a machine under the following terms. £ Cost 1,050,000 Trade discount (applying to cost only) 20% Freight charges 30,000 Electrical installation cost 28,000 Staff training in use of machine 40,000 Pre-production testing 22,000 Purchase of a three-year maintenance contract 60,000 On 1st October 20X7 Dearing Co decided to upgrade the machine by adding new components at a cost of £200,000. This upgrade led to a reduction in the production time per unit of the goods being manufactured using the machine. How should the £200,000 worth of new components be accounted for? a. Charged to profit or loss b. Capitalised as a separate asset c. Debited to accumulated depreciation d. Added to the carrying amount of the machine Question 18 On 1st October 20X5 Dearing Co acquired a machine under the following terms. £ Cost 1,050,000 Trade discount (applying to cost only) 20% Freight charges 30,000 Electrical installation cost 28,000 Staff training in use of machine 40,000 Pre-production testing 22,000 Purchase of a three-year maintenance contract 60,000 On 1st October 20X7 Dearing Co decided to upgrade the machine by adding new components at a cost of £200,000. This upgrade led to a reduction in the production time per unit of the goods being manufactured using the machine. Every five years the machine will need a major overhaul in order to keep running. How should this be accounted for? a. Set up a provision at year 1 b. Capitalise the cost when it arises and amortise over five years c. Build up the provision over years 1-5 d. Write the overhaul off to maintenance costs Question 19 Which of the following investments owned by Dearing Co should be accounted for using the equity method in the consolidated financial statements? 1. 30% of the non-voting preference share capital in Yellow Co 2. 18% of the ordinary share capital in Blue Co with directors of Dearing Co having two of the five places on the board of Blue Co 3. 45% of the ordinary share capital of Red Co, with directors of Dearing Co having four of the six places on the board of Red Co a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 2 only Question 20 On 1st October 20X8 Dearing Co acquired 30 million of Vardine Co's 100 million shares in exchange for 75 million of its own shares. The fair value of Dearing Co's shares at the date of this share exchange was £1.60 each. Vardine Co's profit is subject to seasonal variation. Its profit for the year ended 31st March 20X9 was £100 million. £20 million of this profit was made from 1st April 20X8 to 30th September 20X8. Dearing Co has one subsidiary and no other investments apart from Vardine Co. What amount will be shown as ‘investment in associate’ in the consolidated statement of financial position of Dearing Co as at 31st March 20X9? a. £150 million b. £126 million c. £144 million d. £78 million
Assignment Description 1. General Instruction: A. This assignment contributes 30% of course. B. Marks allocated: 100. C. Double pass: this assignment includes TWO parts, students must achieve at least 30 marks of each part. D. Students must submit a copy (in PDF format) on the due date with the authentic and valid plagiarism report, the similarity should be below and/or equal to 15%. E. Number all pages. F. The answer must be in original, i.e. in your own words. G. An official cover page must be handed in with the written assignment. H. It should be concise and generally free from spelling mistakes and grammatical errors. I. APA referencing style. is required. J. The assignment should type in the font of Time New Romans ONLY; the font size is 12pt; it should be 1.5 spacing line. 2. This assignment includes TWO PARTS: A. PART ONE “GROUP REPORT” - Weighting 50%. 1) Students should submit a field trip plan of Waiheke to illustrate at least THREE focuses and write a group informational report about Waiheke Island, based on the field trip. 2) Students should use report structure with main ideas and supporting facts and evidence. 3) Title, subtitles, and bullets should be used for easily recognising different sections of this report. 4) Students are allowed to use outdoor shooting materials, including photos and brochures, like high-quality photos and well-designed brochures as well as secondary sources. This approach allows for a genuine representation of the natural settings, enhancing the visual appeal and authenticity of the promotional materials. These tools can help convey the atmosphere, experiences, and features of outdoor locations or events more vividly, making them more engaging for the audience. 5) Approximately 2,500 words, the report words limit cannot be more or/and less than 10%. B. PART TWO “GROUP PRESENTATION” - Weighting 50%. 1) Each team should submit a plan of group presentation to illustrate the purpose(s) and structure. 2) Students should design a group speech based on the report and conduct a group presentation with PowerPoint. 3) Title, subtitles, bullets, keywords and visual support should be used for easily guiding different sections of this presentation and attracting the audience. 4) Avoid using terminology or glossary, if there is a need, the relevant definition should be cited. 5) The length of this presentation is 10 to 15 minutes per team member.
A530 – Individual Income Tax Autumn 2025 Class Meetings I’m committed to giving you the best learning experience I am capable of providing. To that end, I reserve the right to adjust the class readings and topics as needed to foster a better learning experience. In the event that I change any class topics/readings below, I will give you as much advance notice as possible and the final exam will not be based on any material that is cut from the planned readings/curriculum. Class 1: Monday, September 22 Topic: Characteristics of Income Readings: Introduction (pp. 1-33) Skim What is Income? (pp. 35-46) Skim Commissioner v. Glenshaw Glass Co. Cesarini v. United States Class 2: Wednesday, September 24 Topic: Characteristics of Income Readings: Handouts: Tax Tables (Canvas) Noncash Benefits (pp. 46-68) IRC §§ 61, 62, 63, 119, 132 Class 3: Monday, September 29 Topic: Characteristics of Income Readings: Noncash Benefits (cont’d) (pp. 46-68) Imputed Income, Psychic Income, In-Kind Income (pp. 111-119) Class 4: Wednesday, October 1 Topic: Characteristics of Income Readings: Windfalls & Gifts (119-134) Coursebook Student Update, Summer 2025 (p. 6, chapter 3 revisions) IRC §§ 102, 274(b), 691 Treas. Reg. 1.61-2(d) Rev. Rul. 79-24 (p. 116) Class 5: Monday, October 6 Topic: Characteristics of Income Readings: Recovery of Capital (pp. 68-77; 134-141) Recovery for Personal and Business Injuries (pp. 78-95) IRC §§ 165(a)-(d) & (h)(1), 104(a), 213(a), 1001 1012, 1014, 1015 Class 6: Wednesday, October 8 Topic: Characteristics of Income Readings: Transactions Involving Loans and Income from Discharge of Indebtedness (pp. 259-275) Illegal Income (pp. 95-100) Gain on the Sale of a Home (pp. 100-102) IRC §§ 61(a)(11), 108(a)(1) & (d)(1), 121 Class 7: Monday, October 13 Topic: Characteristics of Income – practice problems Readings: None Class 8: Wednesday, October 15 Topic: Problems of Timing Readings: The Realization Doctrine (pp. 178-210) Moore v. United States, 602 U.S. 572 (2024) Coursebook Student Update, Summer 2025 (pp. 6-9, chapter 4 revisions) Class 9: Monday, October 20 Topic: Problems of timing Readings: Open Transactions, Installment Sales, and Deferred Sales (pp. 219-229) Statutory Nonrecognition Provisions (pp. 210-219) Transfers Incident to Marriage and Divorce (pp. 141-154) IRC §§ 453(a)-(c), 1031, 1041 Class 10: Wednesday, October 22 Topic: Problems of Timing Readings: Constructive Receipt and Related Doctrines (pp. 229-235) Deferred Compensation (pp. 235-250) IRC § 83 Class 11: Monday, October 27 Topic: Capital Gains and Losses Readings: Background (pp. 547-550) Definition of a Capital Asset (pp. 550-551) Policy Considerations (pp. 551-554) Property Held Primarily for Sale to Customers (pp. 554-565) IRC §§ 1(h), 1212(b), 1221, 1222, 1256(a)-(c), 1411 Class 12: Monday, November 3 Topic: Capital Gains and Losses – practice problems Class 13: Wednesday, November 5 Topic: One Big Beautiful Bill Act, Pub. L. No. 119-21 Readings: Coursebook Student Update, Summer 2025 Canvas handout Class 14: Monday, November 10 Topic: Personal Deductions, Exemptions, and Credits Readings: Introduction (pp. 501-502) Casualty Losses (pp. 502-503) Extraordinary Medical Expenses (pp. 503-505) Charitable Contributions (pp. 516-539) Coursebook Student Update, Summer 2025 (pp. 10-11, chapter 10 revisions to pages 502, 503, 517, & 539) IRC §§ 24, 63, 165(h), 170(a)(1), (b), (c) and (e)(1), 213, 501(a) and (c)(3) Class 15: Wednesday, November 12 Topic: Personal Deductions, Exemptions, and Credits Readings: Interest (pp. 539-543) Taxes (pp. 543-545) Personal Exemptions (pp. 545-546) Coursebook Student Update, Summer 2025 (p. 11-12, chapter 10 revisions to pages 544, & 546) IRC §§ 163(a) & (h), 164(a), 224, 225, 461(g) Class 16: Monday, November 17 Topic: Mixed Business and Personal Expenses Readings: Intro & Structure (pp. 445-447) Clothing Expenses (pp. 447-450) Home Office (pp. 451-456) Childcare Expenses (pp. 457-462) Education Expenses (pp. 462-469) Commuting Expenses (pp. 469-484) IRC §§ 21, 24, 129, 162(a), 183, 212, 262, 280A Class 17: Wednesday, November 19 Topic: Mixed Business and Personal Expenses Readings: Commuting Expenses (pp. 469-484) Travel and Entertainment Expenses (pp. 484-494) Legal Expenses (pp. 494-500) Hobby Losses (pp. 71-74; IRC §§ 162(A), 183, and 262; Nickerson v. Commissioner) IRC §§ 162(a), 183, 212, 262, 274(a), (d), (e), and (n) Class 18: Monday November 24 Topic: Deductions for the Cost of Earning Income Readings: Introduction (pp. 363-366) Current Expenses versus Capital Expenditures (pp. 366-370) Ordinary and Necessary (pp. 377-387) Trade or Business (pp. 387-394) IRC §§ 162, 263 Class 19: Wednesday, November 26 Topic: Deductions for the Cost of Earning Income Readings: Cost Recovery Generally (pp. 394-397) IRC § 195 Class 20: Monday, December 1 Topic: Personal, mixed, and business deductions, exemptions, and credits – practice problems Class 21: Wednesday, December 3 Topic: Makeup, review, & evaluation Readings: N/A
Research Hypotheses and Data Sources SYSEN 5620 Health Data Management and Analytics (2025FA) In this project, we will use the NYC air quality and health impact database to examine how long-term neighborhood-level exposures to PM2.5 or ozone are associated with emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths attributable to air pollution among New York City residents. (1): Team hypotheses for the final project Research hypotheses: We hypothesize that neighborhoods with higher PM2.5 and ozone concentrations will have higher rates of attributable health events, and that these impacts will be greater among vulnerable groups such as older adults, children, and people with pre-existing cardiovascular or respiratory disease. Temporary Research Question: How do long-term exposures to ambient PM2.5 or ozone affect the burden of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths attributable to air pollution among NYC residents, and how do these impacts vary across neighborhoods and vulnerable population groups? (2): Links to the data sources that you will use as non-clinical data sources Health impacts of air pollution https://a816-dohbesp.nyc.gov/IndicatorPublic/data-explorer/health-impacts-of-air-pollution/?id=2117#display=summary Air quality https://a816-dohbesp.nyc.gov/IndicatorPublic/data-explorer/air-quality/?id=2023#display=map
Research Paper Guidelines: CCT109H5 F All Sections 20259:Contemporary Communication Technologies Research Paper Guidelines Format/Length Draft Outline:3-4 pages/750-900 words Full Paper:5 pages/1250-1750 words Font Times New Roman,12 pt. Citation Style APA(including APA style. cover page,APA in-text citation,APA reference list) File Type Draft Outline:ONLY .docx Full Paper:ONLY .docx Time Draft Outline Reading:6-8 Hours Writing:4-5 Hours Final Paper Writing:6-8 Hours Revising:3 Hours Paper Goal Your 5-page paper will demonstrate your mastery of and ability to apply course concepts and material to one of five essay prompts. The assignment is broken into two parts. First. you use your outlining skills to develop a response to your selected essay question. Following this first submission, you will receive actionable feedback from your TA explaining how to strengthen your outline. Second, you will use this feedback to revise the outline and expand it into a well-written and wellargued 5-page paper. Following submission, you will receive feedback on the final 5-page paper for CCT109. The paper and feedback will then become the foundation of the final project for CCT110 during the Winter term. Paper Topic, Length, and Source Requirements You must select a paper topic from one of the five prompts available below. You cannot come up with your own topic. Any paper that does not respond to one of the provided essay prompts will receive a mark of 0. Your paper must by 5 pages in length. The shortest acceptable word length is 1250, and the longest acceptable word length is 1750. The word and page count does not include the cover page or your reference list. Your 5-page paper must include at least 4 scholarly sources from the bibliography which follows each of the essay prompts. Scholarly sources are peer-reviewed journals and academic books (what we have been reading primarily in this course!). All these sources are available through library.utm.utoronto.ca (http://ibrary.utm.utoronto.ca). If you use scholarly sources not on this list, it is your responsibility to determine if they are a good fit for your paper, peer-reviewed, and soundly researched. If you are bringing in any other sources or examples (like a TikTok, social media post, news story, television episode, etc.) to support the arguments you are making in your 5-page paper, these must be cited with both in-text citations and an entry in your reference list. Failure to do so is a breach of Academic Integrity. Paper Topic Options Question #1 - Surveillance, Privacy, and Convenience. Surveillance in our everyday communication technologies-ranging from smart phones, to websites,l to the Internet of Things - may or may not be understood as a "cultural necessity." Discuss the tradeoffs between surveillance and privacy for two different communities. How do the benefits or pitfalls of this trade-off play out for these communities? Who can access privacy and who cannot? Why? Using evidence, your paper should take a position on whether the surveillance/privacy trade-off services or disservices your chosen communities. Bibliography Andrejevic, M. & Volcic, Z. (2021). Pandemic Lessons: Total Surveillance and the Post-Truth Society. The Political Economy of Communication 9(1), 4-21. Hargittai, E. & Marwick, A. E. (2016). What can I really do?': Explaining the privacy paradox with online apathy. International Journal of Communication 10, 3737-3757. Lyon, D., Bennett, C., Steeves, V. M., Haggerty, K. D. (2014). Transparent lives: surveillance in Canada. Athabasca University Press. Marwick, A. E. (2012). The public domain: Social surveillance in everyday life. Surveillance & Society, 9(4), 378-393. Nissenbaum, H. (2004). Privacy as contextual integrity. Washington Law Review, 79(1), 119-139. Question #2-Digital Media and Work From gig labour on Uber to branded content on TikTok, digital media platforms have transformed the nature of work in contemporary culture. Select a profession and analyze how digital media platforms have transformed the nature of work performed over the past decade. How have these platforms changed forms of income and compensation; the day-to-day schedule of work; and job security? How do these platforms generate value for themselves and their users? Use evidence to discuss how platforms have changed opportunities and labour conditions for the profession you selected. Bibliography Abidin, C. (2021). Mapping Internet celebrity on TikTok: Exploring attention economies and visibility labours. Cultural Science, 12(1), 77-103. Caplan, R. & Gillespie, T. (2020). Tiered governance and demonetization: The shifting terms of labor and compensation in the platform. economy. Social Media + Society, 6(2), 1-13. Cohen, N. S. (2015). From pink slips to pink slime: Transforming media labor in a digital age. The Communication Review, 18(2), 98-122. Duffy, B. E. (2015). The romance of work: Gender and aspirational labour in the digital culture industries. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 19(4), 441-457. Ens, N. & Márton, A. (2021). 'Sure I saw sales, but it consumed me' from resilience to erosion in the digital hustle economy. New Media & Society, 1-20. Terranova, T. (2000). Free labor: Producing culture for the digital economy. Social Text, 18(2), 3358. Question #3-Algorithms and Knowledge Various industries are increasingly relying on algorithms, machine learning, and artificial intelligence for quick information retrieval and decision making. What do scholars mean when they discuss the social impact of human judgement being replaced by these forms of machinic judgement? How do algorithms digitally mediate public knowledge, online discourse, and decision making? Have algorithmic processes improved or worsened how ordinary people access knowledge and information? Discuss your position and provide evidence to support your conclusion. Bibliography Bucher, T. (2012). Want to be on the top? Algorithmic power and the threat of invisibility on Facebook. New Media & Society, 14(7), 1164-1180. Crawford, K. (2016). Can an algorithm be agonistic? Ten scenes from life in calculated publics. Science, Technology & Human Values, 41(1), 77-92. Gillespie, T. (2014). The relevance of algorithms. In T. Gillespie, P. J. Boczkowski, K. A. Foot (Eds.), Media Technologies: Essays on Communication, Materiality, and Society (167-194). MIT Press. Masuhara, D.M. (2017). Artificial intelligence and adjudication: some perspectives. Amicus Curriae, 111, 2-15. Savolainen, L. (2022). The shadow banning controversy: perceived governance and algorithmic folklore. Media, Culture & Society, 1-19. Question #4 -Publics, Platforms, and Visibility The arrival of Web 2.0 in the early aughts brought with it the promise of an open, interactive, and egalitarian Internet. Still, the question remains: how do these novel digital platforms shape or challenge the notion of the public as a structural concept? Do social media networks allow for new public(s) to emerge? Do outlying ideas, groups, issues, or voices gain greater public visibility through social media platforms? Or are hegemonic power relations merely reproduced? Drawing upon one contemporary example, discuss, analyze, and support your position. Bibliography Hautea, S., Parks, P., Takahashi, B., & Zeng, J. (2021). Showing they care (or don't): Affective publics and ambivalent climate activism on TikTok. Social Media + Society, 7(2), 1-14. Jackson, S. J. & Foucault Welles, B. (2016). #Hijacking #myNYPD: Social media dissent and networked counterpublics. Journal of Communication, 65(6), 932-952. Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford University Press. Shirky, C. (2011). The political power of social media: Technology, the public sphere, and political change. Foreign Affairs, 28-41. Singh, R. (2018). Platform. feminism: Protest and the politics of spatial organization. Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology, 14(1). Question #5-Social Media and Identity From early broadcast television commercials to modern social media profiles, mass media and its various infrastructures have been critical influencers of how we construct and perform. our identities in everyday life. How do big data and the attention economy create ideas about "selfhood" and identity in today's digital culture? What is authenticity, and how is the concept used to judge and determine an individual's influence on social media platforms? Discuss the practice of identity construction in digital culture using supporting scholarship and examples. Bibliography Abidin, C. (2021). Mapping Internet celebrity on TikTok: Exploring attention economies and visibility labours. Cultural Science, 12(1), 77-103. Arriagada, A. & Bishop, S. (2021). Between commerciality and authenticity: The imaginary of social media influencers in the platform. economy. Communication, Culture and Critique, 14(4), 568-586. Hearn, A. (2017). Verified: Self-presentation, identity management, and selfhood in the age of big data. Popular Communication, 15(2), 62-77. Khamis, S., Ang, L., & Welling, R. (2017). Self-branding, "micro-celebrity" and the rise of social media influencers. Celebrity Studies, 8(2), 191-208. Marwick, A. E. (2015). Instafame: Luxury selfies in the attention economy. Public Culture, 27(1), 137-160.
N1612 week 5 workshop Exercise 1. P ltd acquired 80% of the share capital of S ltd on 1 January 2023. The individual company statement of profit or loss for the year ending on 31 Dec 2023 are shown below: P Ltd S Ltd Revenue 100,000 50,000 Cost of sales (50,000) (25,000) Gross Profit 50,000 25,000 Operating expenses (30,000) (10,000) Profit from operations 20,000 15,000 Finance income 4,000 - Finance cost (6,000) (4,000) Profit before Tax 18,000 11,000 Tax (7,000) (1,000) Profit for the year 11,000 10,000 Required Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended on 31 Dec 2023. Exercise 2. P ltd owns 75% of the share capital of S ltd for many years. The individual company statement of profit or loss for the year ending on 30 Jun 2023 are shown below. P Ltd S Ltd Revenue 6,000 3,000 Cost of sales (4,000) (2,000) Gross Profit 2,000 1,000 Operating expenses (1,000) (500) Profit from operations 1,000 500 Tax (300) (100) Profit for the year 700 400 During the year, P Ltd made sales totalling £1,000 to S ltd. P Ltd made a gross profit of 30% on these sales. All the goods were still in the inventory of S ltd at 30 June 2023. Required Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended on 30 June 2023. Exercise 3 P Ltd acquired 75% of the ordinary share capital of S Ltd on 1st April 2023. Both companies prepare accounts to 30th September each year. Their statements of profit or loss for the year ended on 30th September 2023 are as follows: P Ltd S Ltd £ £ Revenue 317,500 96,000 Cost of sales (149,500) (31,200) Gross Profit 168,000 64,800 Distribution costs (36,300) (4,800) Admin expenses (59,400) (20,400) Profit before tax 72,300 39,600 Tax (21,000) (8,000) Profit for the year 51,300 31,600 Required Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended on 30 Sept 2023. Exercise 4 Feast Ltd acquired 60% of the ordinary share capital of GMT on 1st April 2022. The individual company statement of profit or loss for year ended on 31 March 2023 is as follows: Feast GMT £ £ Revenue 359,800 154,600 Cost of sales (102,600) (55,550) Gross Profit 257,200 99,050 Operating expenses (118,480) (19,300) Profit Before tax 138,720 79,750 Taxation (40,000) (20,000) Profit for the year 98,720 59,750 · On acquisition date the fair value of one of GMT’s machines exceeds its book value by £1,000. Machines are depreciated at 10% rate using straight-line method. · On 1st March 2023, GMT sold goods to Feast for £15,000 on a 20% mark-up. One quarter of these goods were included in Feast’s inventory on 31st March 2023. · In the year ended on 31 March 2023 the group decided to decrease the goodwill by £6,000 to allow for impairment. The group use the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Note: in consolidation assume all income and expenses accrue evenly throughout the year. Required Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended on 31 March 2023 Exercise 5 On 1st March 2023, Y Ltd acquired 85% of the ordinary share capital of Z ltd. Both companies prepare financial statements to 31st October each year. Transactions between the two companies during the year to 31st October 2023 were as follows: a. On 31st July 2023, Y ltd sold goods costing £2,000 to Z Ltd for £3,500. All of these goods had been sold by Z Ltd by the end of the accounting year. b. On 30th September 2023, Y ltd sold goods costing £4,000 to Z ltd for £7,000. None of these goods had been sold by Z ltd by the end of the accounting year. There was an impairment loss relating to the goodwill arising from the acquisition of Z of £10,000 during the period from 1st March 2023 to 31st October 2023. On acquisition date the fair value of one of Z’s selling vehicles exceeded its book value by £1,500. Vehicles are depreciated at 10% rate using straight-line method. The individual company statements of profit or loss for year ended 31 October 2023 are as follows: Y Ltd Z Ltd £ £ Revenue 150,000 84,000 Cost of sales (60,000) (27,000) Gross Profit 90,000 57,000 Operating expenses (25,800) (18,600) Profit from operations 64,200 38,400 Taxation (13,000) (7,200) Profit for the year 51,200 31,200 Note: in consolidation assume all income and expenses accrue evenly throughout the year. Required Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended on 31 Oct 2023
N1612 Week 4 Workshop Questions Q1 Choose one answer Squeeze ltd acquired 75% of Juice ltd for £250,000 on 1.5.2023. On that date Juice ltd equity section in the balance sheet had the following: £ Share capital (£1) 100,000 Share premium 50,000 Retained earnings 110,000 The fair value of non-controlling interest was estimated at £40,000 The goodwill in Juice (non-controlling interest measured at fair value) at acquisition date is: A £10,000 B nil C £100,000 D £40,000 E £30,000 Q2 Choose one answer Squeeze ltd acquired 75% of Juice ltd for £250,000 on 1.5.2023. On that date Juice ltd equity section in the balance sheet had the following: £ Share capital (£1) 100,000 Share premium 50,000 Retained earnings 110,000 Juice ltd’s share price on 1.05.2023 was quoted at £2.00 and on that date the fair value of its identifiable assets was the same as their book value. The goodwill in Juice (non-controlling interest measured at fair value) at acquisition date is: A £10,000 B nil C £100,000 D £40,000 E £150,000 Q3 Choose one answer Squeeze ltd acquired 70% of Juice ltd for £260,000 on 1.5.2023. On that date Juice ltd had in issue 100,000 ordinary shares of £1 (each issued at 150p when the company was incorporated). The share price of Juice Ltd was quoted at 190p on 1.5.2023. On 1.5.2023 Juice's retained earnings were £90,000 and the fair value of its identifiable assets was the same as their book value. The goodwill in Juice (non-controlling interest measured at fair value) at acquisition date is: A £77,000 B nil C £100,000 D £40,000 E £246,000 Q4 South acquired 400,000 ordinary shares of West Ltd on 1 January 2023 (there has been no change in share capital since). The retained earnings of West on 31 Dec 2022 were £120,000. The fair value of the 20% non-controlling interest at acquisition was £120,000. Goodwill should be written down by 10% of its original value to allow for impairment. Below are the statements of financial position of as at 31 Dec 2023. Other information: - During the year, West sold goods to South for £200,000 at a mark-up of 25%. On 31 Dec 2023, half of these goods are still at the inventory of South. - The current liabilities of West include £25,000 owed to South. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of South Group as at 31 December 2023, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings. Question 5 Jazz acquired 80% of the share capital of Blues on 1 Feb 2023. The retained earnings of Blue on 30 Sept 2022 were £125,000. The fair value of the 20% non-controlling interest at acquisition was £220,000. At acquisition the fair value of Blues’ plant exceeded its book value by £150,000. Plants are depreciated at 10% rate (straight line method). Goodwill should be written down by £20,000 of its original value to allow for impairment. Below are the statements of financial position of as at 30 Sept 2023. Other information: - During the year, Jazz sold goods to Blues for £100,000 at gross profit margin of 30%. On 30 Sept 2023, half of these goods are still at the inventory of Blues. - The current liabilities of Jazz include £25,000 owed to Blues. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Jazz Group as at 30 September 2023, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings. Question 6 (self-study) Jazz acquired 60% of the share capital of Blues on 1 Jan 2019. The retained earnings of Blue on 30 Sept 2018 were £105,000. The fair value of the 40% non-controlling interest at acquisition was £220,000. At acquisition the fair value of Blues’ plant exceeded its book value by £160,000. Plants are depreciated at 10% rate (straight line method). Goodwill should be written down by £40,000 of its original value to allow for impairment. Below are the statements of financial position of as at 30 Sept 2019. Other information: - During the year, Blues sold goods to Jazz for £100,000 at gross profit margin of 30%. At 30 Sept 2019, half of these goods are still at the inventory of Jazz. - The current liabilities of Jazz include £25,000 owed to Blues. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Jazz Group as at 30 September 2019, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings.
N1612 Week 3 Workshop Question 1 Spade acquired 80% of the share capital of Bucket on 1 July 2022. The profit for year made by Bucket for the year ended on 31 Dec 2022 was £250,000. Below are the statements of financial position of Spade and Bucket as at 31 December 2022. At acquisition the fair value of Bucket's plant exceeded its carrying amount by £200,000. Plants are depreciated at 20% rate (straight line method). The fair value of the 20% non-controlling interest was £380,000. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Spade Group as at 31 December 2022, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings. Question 2 Purple acquired 80% of the share capital of Rain on 1 May 2022. The retained earnings of Rain on 31 Dec 2021 were £125,000. The fair value of the 20% non-controlling interest at acquisition was £100,000. Goodwill should be written down to 90% of its original value to allow for impairment. Below are the statements of financial position of as at 31 Dec 2022. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Purple Group as at 31 December 2022, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings. Question 3 Purple acquired 60% of the share capital of Rain on 1 May 2022. The retained earnings of Rain on 31 Dec 2021 were £125,000. At acquisition the fair value of Rain's plant exceeded its carrying amount by £150,000. Plants are depreciated at 20% rate (straight line method). The fair value of the 40% non-controlling interest at acquisition was £100,000. Goodwill should be written down to 60% of its original value to allow for impairment. Below are the statements of financial position of as at 31 Dec 2022. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Purple Group as at 31 December 2022, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings. Question 4 Purple acquired 80% of the share capital of Rain on 1 July 2022. The retained earnings of Rain on 31 Dec 2021 were £125,000. At acquisition the fair value of Rain's plant exceeded its carrying amount by £300,000. Plants are depreciated at 10% rate (straight line method). The fair value of the 20% non-controlling interest at acquisition was £100,000. Goodwill should be written by 20% of its original value to allow for impairment. Below are the statements of financial position of as at 31 Dec 2022. Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Purple Group as at 31 December 2022, assuming the group uses the fair value method to account for non-controlling interest. Include all relevant workings.
EC3115 Monetary Economics Section A Answer all EIGHT questions from this section. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false, or uncertain and give a short explanation. Points are only given for a well reasoned answer. 1. An advantage of indirect barter over fiat money is that indirect barter does not require trust between individuals. 2. The Baumol-Tobin model cannot realistically explain the demand for money. 3. Under the assumption of neutrality of money, fully anticipated inflation has no welfare costs. 4. In Lucas’ misperceptions model, unanticipated monetary policy shocks have real effects due to asymmetrical information. 5. Monetary policy makers only care about inflation. 6. The Bretton Woods exchange rate mechanism can be thought of as a gold exchange standard. 7. When in a liquidity trap, it is difficult for a country to affect the exchange rate using monetary policy. 8. The Lucas critique implies that monetary policy is influential in all circumstances. Section B Answer THREE out of FIVE questions from this section. 9. Suppose that the economy of Krugmania is characterised by the following Phillips Curve and the IS Curve where y is the real output, π is the rate of inflation, i is the short term interest rate set by the Central Bank and are i.i.d. shocks with The Central Bank of Krugmania is aiming to stabilise inflation around a target inflation π* of 0 percent. The quadratic loss function of the Central Bank (which aims to minimise this loss function) takes the following form. (a) Solve for the optimal interest rate under these conditions. (7 points) (b) Now suppose that there is parameter uncertainty, i.e. parameters a and b are time varying. The policymaker knows from which distribution these parameters are drawn. To capture this let and Now solve for the optimal interest rate setting rule.(7 points) (c) Compare your results in (b) with those in (a), highlighting the main effects of parameter uncertainty. (6 points) 10. In an economy with n households, assume a household’s utility depends on the quantity of goods consumed, X, and on real money balances, M/P. Let the household have initial endowments X0 of goods and M0 of nominal money balances. The budget constraint faced by the household is then, in nominal terms: (a) What is a potential justification of the inclusion of money in the utility function? (7 points) (b) Is money neutral in this economy? Discuss analytically. (7 points) (c) If the economy was characterised by limited participation in financial markets would your results change? Provide intuition without deriving the model. (6 points) 11. Consider the yield curve depicted in Figure 1, where the maturity of a range of bonds, expressed in years, is given on the x-axis and their respective redemption yields on the y-axis. Figure 1: Yield curve Assume that term premia are present and take the form. k1 = 0, k2 = 0.5%, k3 = 1%, k4 =1.25%, and k5 = 1.5%, where ki represents the term premium (per annum) for a bond with a maturity of i years. (a) Calculate the implied expected 1-year interest rates for the next 5 years. (5 points) (b) Explain how the yield curve can be used to extract information about expected inflation. Outline the assumptions you would need to make. (5 points) (c) Assume expected 1-year real interest rates will be constant at 1.5% and calculate expected inflation. (5 points) (d) Explain what the economic interpretation is of a sudden inversion of the yield curve. (5 points) 12. (a) Briefly explain the real business cycle (RBC) model. In particular discuss the type of shocks that drive business cycles and how these shocks propagate through the economy. (7 points) (b) Discuss to what extent the RBC model is able to explain the stylised facts of the macro economy and the business cycle. (7 points) (c) Contrast and compare the predictions of the RBC model regarding monetary policy and cyclicality of wages and prices to those of the Keynesian model with sticky nominal wages. (6 points) 13. In answering this question use the AA-DD model of the open economy. Assume the Central Bank is committed to maintaining full employment and natural output. (a) When there is a temporary increase in the domestic propensity to consume explain (i) how Output and the exchange rates are affected by the shock. (3 points) (ii) how monetary policy can be used to restore output to its original equilibrium. (3 points) (iii) whether monetary policy is the optimal policy to restore equilibrium for this shock. (2 points) (b) When there is a temporary decrease in the foreign interest rate explain (i) how output and the exchange rates are affected by the shock. (3 points) (ii) how monetary policy can be used to restore output to its original equilibrium. (3 points) (iii) whether monetary policy is the optimal policy to restore equilibrium for this shock. (2 points) . (c) Explain how temporary monetary policy is different from permanent monetary poli-cy in the AA-DD model; provide a diagrammatic analysis to support your argument. (4 points)
FN3142 Quantitative Finance Question 1 The component GARCH model is defined by the following equations where Rt represents the return for period t. Show that this model is equivalent to a GARCH(2,2) model. 100 marks Question 2 Assume daily returns that are normally distributed with constant mean and variance (a) Derive the formula for the Value-at-Risk at the α critical level and 1-day horizon. 25 marks (b) The expected shortfall at critical level α and horizon K can be defined as Derive the formula for calculating the 1-day expected shortfall at crit-ical level α. 25 marks (c) Prove that the difference of the 1-day Value-at-Risk and the 1-day expected shortfall as a proportion of the 1-day Value-at-Risk converges to zero when α goes to zero. 50 marks Question 3 (a) Can an economic forecast be ‘optimal’ but have poor forecasting power (in terms of a low R2 from a regression of the forecasted variable on a constant and the forecast)? If so, give an example or explain why not. 30 marks (b) Can an economic forecast fail to be ‘optimal’ and still forecast well (in terms of a high R2 from a regression of the forecasted variable on a constant and the forecast)? If so, give an example or explain why not. 40 marks (c) Use your answers from the above two questions to discuss statis-tical ‘optimality’ of forecasts and its relation to the practical ‘quality’ of forecasts. 30 marks Question 4 Recall that the probability density function of a normally distributed random variable, with mean µ and variance σ2 is (a) Assuming µ = 0 derive the maximum likelihood estimator of σ2; given a sample of iid data (x1; x2; . . . ; xT) 30 marks (b) Now assume that xt is conditionally normally distributed as N(0, ) where Write down the log-likelihood function for this model given a sample of data (x1; x2; . . . ; xT). 30 marks (c) Describe how we can obtain estimates of (ω, α, β) for the GARCH(1,1) model and discuss any issues that may arise. 40 marks
GMAT Final Lab: A Satellite Constellation for Peak-hour Traffic Monitoring in Hong Kong AAE5208 Satellite Engineering Academic Year 2025/26 Lab Overview Deadline: 10 December 2025 Group Size: 2 students Deliverables: GMAT scripts + 6-page technical report, submission through Blackboard 1 Mission Statement Your team is tasked with designing a satellite constellation to monitor vehicular traffic in Hong Kong during peak hours (07:00—09:00 and 18:00—20:00 local time, UTC+8). The goal is to maximize coverage, spatial resolution, and cost-effectiveness for a minimum two-year operational lifetime. The target area is a 50 km × 50 km region centered on Hong Kong (22.3。N, 114.2。E). During each critical window, the system must provide at least two passes over the target area. The mission starts on 19 November 2025, 00:00:00 UTC+8. 2 Technical Requirements 2.1 Coverage and Mission Duration The constellation must ensure daily coverage of the Hong Kong region during specified peak hours (07:00—09:00 and 18:00—20:00, Hong Kong Time), with a revisit rate of at least two passes per window. The mission should be designed for a minimum operational lifetime of two years. 2.2 Launch Constraints All satellites will be launched from Hainan Wenchang Space Launch Center (19.6145。N, 110.9511。E, sea level) using the Changzheng-12 (CZ-12) launch vehicle. The CZ-12 can deliver up to 12,000 kg to a 200 km low Earth orbit (LEO), 10,000 kg to 300 km LEO, and 6,000 kg to 700 km LEO. For intermediate altitudes, use linear interpolation to estimate payload capacity. 2.3 Satellite Specifications Each satellite must have a dry mass (excluding propellant) of 500 kg, with a total launch mass ranging from 1,000 kg to 4,000 kg. The propulsion system should provide a specific impulse of 320 seconds (bipropellant), resulting in a delta-V capability ranging from approximately 2,168 m/s to 6,511 m/s, depending on fuel load. 2.3.1 Propulsion System Specific impulse (Isp): 320 seconds (bipropellant system) Delta-V capability: (1) where g0 = 9.81 m/s2 Minimum ∆V ≈ 2,168 m/s (1,000 kg total, 500 kg fuel) Maximum ∆V ≈ 6,511 m/s (4,000 kg total, 3,500 kg fuel) 2.4 Performance Metrics 2.4.1 Spatial Resolution The spatial resolution of a satellite imaging system determines the smallest distinguishable fea- tures on the ground. It is quantified by the ground sample distance (GSD), which represents the physical ground distance covered by one edge of a single pixel (assuming square pixels). For traffic monitoring applications, the spatial resolution must be sufficient to differentiate indi- vidual vehicles. Therefore, the achieved spatial resolution should satisfy GSD ≤ 1.0 m. The finer the resolution (smaller GSD), the better the system can distinguish between closely spaced vehicles and identify traffic patterns. However, designing a lower altitude must consider the atmospheric drag effect. Please find a real-world satellite remote sensing camera and use it for your design. An extra requirement for the camera you use is that the attitude control capability is ±10 off-nadir pointing. 2.4.2 Swath The swath of a satellite is the area on the ground that the satellite can scan and detect at one point in time. Its dependency on the FoV is illustrated in Figure 1. The swath width is the ground distance perpendicular to the satellite ground track, and the swath length is the ground distance parallel to the ground track. For most Earth observation satellites, the swath width is designed to be longer than the swath length. This is achieved by orienting the longer side of the camera sensor perpendicular to the orbital path, enabling the satellite to cover a larger area with each pass over the target region. The swath area is the total ground area that the onboard instrument can capture in a single image. Assuming the longer dimension is oriented perpendicular to the orbital path, the nadir-pointing swath width and length can be calculated as: Wnadir = 2h · tan(θ) (2) Lnadir = 2h · tan(θ) · pixel number of the shorter dimension/pixel number of the longer dimension (3) where h is the satellite altitude, θ is half-cone field of view of cameras. 2.5 Additional Constraints 2.5.1 Orbital Considerations Atmospheric drag becomes significant below 300 km, so your altitude selection must be justified. Certain orbits, like the sun-synchronous orbit, provide more consistent lighting. You may assume adequate solar arrays and batteries. However, it would be great if you could also consider the effect of the eclipse on the power budget, either in your design or by including it in your report for discussion. Figure 1: Sensor field of view and swath. 2.5.2 Cost Factors (Relative Units) Cost per satellite: Csat = 50 + 2 × mtotal (million HKD, where m in tons) Cost for launch: Claunch = 80, 000 HKD per kg (CZ-12 launch cost) Total mission cost: Ctotal = mtotal × Claunch + nsats × Csat You need to minimize this while meeting techinical requirements. 3 Deliverables 3.1 Part 1: GMAT Simulation Scripts (40%) You need to provide one or more well-commented GMAT scripts demonstrating: (1) Constella- tion Setup, including initial orbit parameters for all satellites, spacecraft properties (mass, fuel, propulsion), Propagator settings, etc., and (2) Orbit Insertion & Phasing, including launch ve- hicle ascent trajectory (simplified to parking orbit), inclination change maneuvers (if required), Orbit transfers (if required), phasing maneuvers to establish constellation geometry, delta-V budget, etc. 3.2 Part 2: Technical Report (60%) Maximum 6 pages (excluding title page and references), Single-line spacing, Times New Roman 12 point font, 2.5 cm all round. Please rename your file as ”Your name + student ID + GMAT Report”. 3.2.1 Required Sections 1. Executive Summary Briefly describe your constellation design, key performance metrics, and cost summary. 2. Constellation Design Rationale Justify your choices for orbit altitude, inclination, RAAN distribution, and others. Explain the number of satellites and phasing strategy, using Walker notation i : t/p/f, if applicable. Discuss trade-offs between resolution, coverage, and cost. 3. Mission Analysis Outline your launch strategy, including the number of launches and payload distribution. Provide a breakdown of the delta-V budget for all maneuvers, if necessary, including orbit insertion, inclination changes, phasing, and station-keeping. Analyze coverage performance, revisit times, access percentages, and any coverage gaps. Present achieved spatial resolution and swath width. Include ground track visualizations over Hong Kong. 4. Results & Performance Metrics Summarize orbital parameters, mass and fuel alloca- tion, delta-V usage, resolution, swath width, and access statistics in a table. Provide a detailed cost analysis and compare your design against the mission requirements. 5. Optimization Discussion Discuss alternative designs considered, sensitivity analysis (e.g., impact of adding or removing satellites), and potential future improvements. 6. Assumptions & Limitations List all assumptions, known limitations, and risk mitigation strategies. Appendix (not counted in page limit) GMAT script. snippets (key sections only), Detailed calculation examples, Additional figures if needed, etc. 4 Grading Rubric Category Points Criteria Part 1: GMAT Scripts Script functionality 15 Completeness 20 Script/code quality 5 Scripts run without errors, producing correct outputs, including visualizations like orbit views The required scenario implemented Well-commented, organized, readable Part 2: Technical Report Result & performance 10 All objectives met under given constraints Design justification 15 Clear rationale for constellation architecture Mission analysis 15 Thorough coverage, maneuver, and performance analysis, calculations preferred Optimization 5 Evidence of trade-off analysis and optimization efforts Technical accuracy 10 Correct calculations and physics Presentation 5 Clear writing, professional figures, proper for- matting, including citations Total 100 Remember: Real satellite engineering involves balancing conflicting requirements. There’s no single correct answer. Your job is to justify your design choices with solid analysis and clear communication. You are also encouraged to take into consideration other factors, such as the mission schedule, which have not been spec fied in the require-ments.
FN3142 Quantitative Finance Question 1 (a) (25 points) Assume that daily returns evolve as Derive the GARCH(2,2) conditional variance model from the following ARMA(2,2) model for the squared residual: where ηt+1 is a Gaussian white noise process. (b) (25 points) Under the assumption of covariance stationarity, derive the unconditional variance of the GARCH(2,2) model in (a). (c) (25 points) Show that the k steps ahead forecast can be written recursively as follows: where V is the unconditional variance. (d) (25 points) Explain how you can estimate the constant mean-GARCH(2,2) model by maximum likelihood, and write also the expression for the conditional likelihood cor-responding to a sequence of observations (r1,r2,...,rT ). Recall that the probability density function of a normally distributed random variable with mean µ and variance σ2 is Question 2 (a) You hold two different corporate bonds (bond A and bond B), each with a face value of 1m $. The issuing firms have a 2% probability of defaulting on the bonds, and both the default events and the recovery values are independent of each other. Without default, the notional value is repaid, while in case of default, the recovery value is uniformly distributed between 0 and the notional value. (a1) (20 points) Find the 1% VaR for bond A or bond B and report your calculations. (HINT: remember that the CDF of a uniformly distributed random variable on [a,b] is F(x) = (x−a)/(b−a).) (a2) (60 points) Taking into account that the PDF of the sum of two independent uniformly distributed random variables on [a,b] is: explain how you would find the 1% VaR for a portfolio combining the two bonds (A + B). Report your calculations without finding the actual value. (b) (20 points) The α% expected shortfall is defined as the expected loss given that the loss exceeds the α% VaR. Find the 1% expected shortfall for bond A and report your calculations. Question 3 (a) (10 points) What are the two main problems that a researcher encounters in multi-variate volatility modeling? (b) (45 points) Describe in detail the Constant Conditional Correlations - GARCH(1,1) model of multivariate volatility, making use of matrix notation. Discuss benefits and drawbacks of this model. (c) (45 points) Suggest a two-stage estimation method for this model based on Maximum Likelihood. In particular, write explicitly one of the likelihood functions that you maximize at the first stage, for an individual returns series i being one of the N assets. For simplicity, assume that the one period mean of returns is the constant µi. Recall that the probability density function of a normally distributed random variable with mean µ and variance σ2 is Question 4 Your aim is to compare two forecasts and of some financial variable Yt. To this aim, consider some loss functions (a) (50 points) Describe the Diebold-Mariano test to compare the forecasts in case the data are serially independent. Provide a numerical example where the loss function is the squared forecast error: (b) (50 points) Explain how you modify the procedure in (a) when the data is serially dependent. Describe the Newey-West estimator that has been proposed for this case.
