ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (25 MARKS EACH) Write your answers in the answer booklet provided, starting your answer to each question on a new page. Number your answers according to the question number, and also enter these numbers on the frontpage of the answer booklet. 1. Dolfin Juice is considering purchasing a new juice bottling machine to replace an existing one. The new machine will cost $350 000, with a further $10 000 to install, and has a useful life of 4 years. If the new machine is acquired, current asset will increase by $40 000, and current liabilities will increase by $25 000. It has no scrap value at the end of useful life. The existing bottling machine was purchased 3 years ago, at a cost of $300 000. It has 4 years of useful life remaining. The machine is depreciated using a straight line method, and can currently be sold for $80 000 without incurring any removal or cleanup cost. The revenues and expenses (excluding depreciation and interest) associated with the new and old machines are given in the table below. ($)Revenue($)Expenses The company has a cost of capital of 10% per annum. a) Calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) if Dolfin Juice continues to operate the old machine. (9 marks) b) Determine the initial investment associated with the purchase of the new machine. (4 marks) c) Using your result in part (b), calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) if Dolfin Juice purchase the new machine. (10 marks) d) Should Dolfin Juice continue to operate the old machine or purchase the new machine? Explain. (2 marks) 2. a) Golden Sphere Corporation has a $10 000 par value bond with a 4% coupon rate. The bond matures in 10 years. Suppose coupons are paid annually. The required return of the bond is 6%. (i) Compute the value of the bond. (6 marks) (ii) Is the bond priced priced at a discount, par or premium? Explain. (2 marks) b) GoodApps Inc just paid a $2.25(D0) annual dividend per share. Investors believe that the dividend is expected to grow at a rate (g) of 3% per annum for the foreseeable future. Assume investors require a rate of return of 8%. (i) Calculate the current price of the stock. (3 marks) (ii) If the stock currently trades at $48, would you buy it? (1 mark) c) PrimMex Ltd has the following capital structure. - 7.5%. 30%.PreferredStock6% pershare SellingPriceis$28,andFloatationcost$4 $25.50 (D) $2 . (g)ofdividend (i) Calculate the cost of debt. (3 marks) (ii) Calculate the cost of preferred stock. (3 marks) (iii) Calculate the cost of common stock. (3 marks) (iv) Calculate the weighted average cost of capital using the following capital structure. (4 marks) 3. Turblow Ltd is a manufacturer of industrial fan. The finance manager is concerned about the firm’s management of working capital. a) The average collection period and average payment period are 33 days and 30 days respectively. The firm turns over its inventory 15 times each year (assume 365 days year), and currently has annual sales of $105 million. (i) Calculate the firm’s operating cycle and cash conversion cycle, correct to 1 decimal place. (5 marks) (ii) Determine the amount of resources needed to support the firm’s cash conversion cycle. (4 marks) b) Turblow Ltd purchases 150 000 units per year of a component used in industrial fan production. The cost per order is $25, while the carry cost is $12 per unit per year. (i) Calculate the economic order quantity. (4 marks) (ii) Using your answer in (i), calculate the ordering cost, carrying cost and total inventory cost. (8 marks) c) Suppose Turblow Ltd operates a 250 days per year, and maintains a minimum inventory level of 200 units of safety stock. If the lead time to receive orders ofthe component is 4 days, calculate the reorder point. (4 marks) 4. a) State the FIVE steps in planning personal financial affairs. (10 marks) b) List any THREE financial plans, and identify the goal associated with each financial plan. (6 marks) c) The following is an extract of Fanny Han’s financial position as at 31 December 2015. Fanny’s Total Liabilities include a $638 000 housing loan and a $56 000 car loan. Her total income for the year 2015 was $145 000. Calculate the following financial ratios, correct to 2 decimal places (i) Solvency ratio (ii) Liquidity ratio (iii) Gearing ratio (9 marks)
Topic: Data Analytics on X In this project, your task is to use data analytics and AI techniques to explore a dataset and present your results. I will use the wine data as an example in the following section. You need to select your own dataset for analysis. Many useful datasets for real-life projects can be accessed from https://www.kaggle.com/datasets. Example: Data Analytics on Wine Dataset. By considering the 12 input variables provided in the datasets 1 - fixed acidity 2 - volatile acidity 3 - citric acid 4 - residual sugar Task: ● product (i.e. source code) ● The final project report, ○ Excluding references, (11-point font size, 1.5 line spacing). ○ Turnitin - no plagiarism The chosen dataset: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/aniruddhawankhede/mental-heath-analysis-among-teenagers report context (Finish 5-7 highlights only) 1.Introduction 2.background 3.Data Overview, The distribution of Variables, outlier(box plot) 4.Relationship between different characteristics (1) Comparison of differences in social media use time, exercise time and sleep time by gender (Gender) (chi square test) (2) What is the relationship between time spent on social media use and academic performance? What is the effect of exercise time on stress levels? What is the effect of support systems on academic performance and stress levels? What is the relationship between screen time and psychological stress? (Correlation and regression analyses) 5.1 Random forest (training and testing) Importance of the above features in predicting stress indices - Which feature has the greatest effect on stress, own perceived stress vs. instrumental measurements? (survey-confusion-matrix/wearable-mean square error/Importance of 2 features) 5.2.Evaluation of the model (split training data and test data to see the accuracy of the model) 6.Visualizaion (already in the code) 7.conclusion
Coursework Assessment The coursework assessment takes the form. of an individual research project. The coursework assesses LO C and D (see handbook). You are expected to demonstrate your understanding of basic methods of dynamic analysis as covered by the module. It should include optimal control problem development and solution, but simple dynamical systems analysis may also be considered. Individual project makes 50% of the total assessment for this module. The objective of the project is to apply what you have learned in the module to solve a problem of economics, finance, or related areas. The project should contain four parts: 1.The statement of the problem you address in economic or financial terms (20%), 2.The formulation of the problem in mathematical concepts (30%), 3.The solution of this mathematical problem (35%), 4.An economic interpretation of the solution (15%), where the percentages in the parentheses indicate the proportion each part takes in the grading. The grading of the project will depend on the following factors: 1. The clearness of the statement and the significance of the problem. 2. The correctness of the mathematical formulation of the problem and its solution. 3. The correctness and depth of the economic interpretation of the solution. See the marking grid for further details. Each student should submit a report, with no less than 2000 no more than 3000 words, through LMO by 23:59, 23d May, 2025. Word limits are provided as a guideline only, there is no penalty for slightly (plus/minus 200 words) exceeding or falling behind the boundaries. Excessively long or excessively short papers will receive some marking penalty up to 10 points. Late submission penalty: Late submissions will be accepted within 5 days after the deadline with 5 points penalty for each day after the submission deadline up to 50 points in total. Submissions after deadline plus 5 days will not be accepted. Academic integrity violation: Students are encouraged to check their paper through Turnitin before submitting to avoid too much repetitions with earlier papers, but this is not compulsory. ML reserves the right to judge the academic integrity and originality of the submitted paper by himself with any method appropriate. All potential cases of plagiarism and academic integrity violation will be processed in accordance with University policy. Backup: If for some reason submission through LMO fails, students can send their courseworks to the module leader via e-mail: [email protected]. Please use this method only in case of emergency to avoid e-mail overloads. The typical coursework project should consist in taking a version of a dynamic economic model of those being discussed during module (or equivalent), solving it fully and analyzing the comparative dynamics with different parameters’ values. The list of exemplary models which can be used as a basis for the coursework can be found throughout the textbook examples and those discussed in lectures. Students are also encouraged to independently search the literature for prototype models. This includes economic growth models, pollution control dynamic models, resource exploitation models and others of the type discussed within the module. List of example topics will be provided in a separate file.
Examination for BSc Psychology (PRACTICE PAPER C) 4PAHPRM2 RESEARCH METHODS 2 PRACTICAL EXAMINATION Section A The questions in Section A are about the article by Suddendorf (2010). You are provided with a replication of the experiment from this article in an SPSS data file named: Suddendorf Replication Specimen C.sav Use the data in this file to answer the questions that follow. Question A1 [8 marks available] Suddendorf (2010) reports this analysis on page 494 of their article: In response to the future question, 4-year-olds produced significantly more answers (M = 2.44, SD = 1.30) than 3-year-olds (M = 1.54, SD = 1.47), t = 2.94; p = .004. Repeat this analysis for the data that you have been given, and report it. (a) Table A1. Number of answers given to “Tell me something that you are going to do tomorrow” by age-group (report values to two decimal places) Age-group Mean Standard Deviation 3-year-olds 4-year-olds (b) Report the t-test: (i) The test statistic (to three decimal places): t = __________ (ii) The degrees of freedom df = __________ (iii) The exact p-value (to three decimal places): p ____________ (Use ‘=’ or ‘
EECS 31L: Introduction to Digital Logic Laboratory (Spring 2025) Lab 5: Single-Cycle RISC-V Processor (Revision: v1.0) Due: Tuesday, June 10, 2025 (11:59 PM) In this lab, we will complete the design of our single cycle RISC-V processor. As you see in Figure 1 there are three sub-modules in this processor. Figure 1: Submodules in a RISC-V processor We have designed the Datapath in Lab4. The Controller takes Opcode from the Datapath and produce five control signals (MemtoReg, MemWrite, MemRead, ALUSrc, RegWrite) and a 2-bits ALUOp. The ALU-Controller takes Funct3 and Funct7 from the Datapath and ALUOp from the Controller and produces a 4-bits operation input (ALUCC) for the Datapath. In the first part of this lab, we will design the two remaining sub-modules (Controller and ALU Controller). Then in the second part, we will use these submodules and the datapath to complete the processor. Before starting the design process, please review the instruction set we have already implemented: Table 1 : Instruction Set. 1 Lower Level Modules 1.1 Controller From figure 1, you see the control signals which we used in the datapath design are driven by a module named “Controller.” The input to this module is a 7-bits Opcode field of the instruction (comes from the Datapath). The outputs of the control unit are: • Two signals that are used to control multiplexers in the Datapath (ALUSrc and MemtoReg) • Three signals for controlling reads and writes in the register file and data memory in the Datapath (RegWrite, MemRead, and MemWrite) • A 2-bits control signal for the ALUController unit (ALUOp) Here is the block diagram of the Controller. Figure 2 : Controller. With the information in Table 2, we can design the Controller. • The MemtoReg signal is ‘0’ for all instructions except for the “Load” instruction • The MemWrite signal is ‘0’ for all instructions except for the “Store” instruction • The MemRead is also ‘0’ for all instructions except for the “Load” instruction • The ALUSrc is ‘1’ when the opcode is “0010011” or “0000011” or “0100011”. For these instructions, source B operand comes from the imm Gen. For other instructions with opcode “0110011”, ALUSrc is ‘0’ Because both of the Source operands of the ALU come from the register file. • RegWrite is ‘1’ except for the “Store” instructions. This is because for all of these instructions we want to write back the result to the register file. • The ALUOp(1 downto 0) is “10” when the opcode is ”0110011” and ”00” when the opcode is “0010011”. It is also “01” for the “Load” and “Store” instructions with opcodes “0000011” and “0100011” respectively. Table 2 : Control Signals. Use this code for the module part of the Controller. Module definition of your code should exactly look like the given one. Code 1: Controller `timescale 1 ns / 1 ps // Module definition module Controller ( Opcode , ALUSrc , MemtoReg , RegWrite , MemRead , MemWrite , ALUOp ); // Define the input and output signals // Define the Controller modules behavior. endmodule // Controller 1.2 ALUController The inputs to the ALUController are the ALUOp, Funct3, and Funct7. ALUOp comes from the Con troller and Funct3 and Funct7 come from the Datapath. The output of the ALUController is the 4-bits operation code which goes to the ALU CC input of the datapath. You see the block diagram of the ALU-Controller in figure 3. Figure 3 : ALUController. Table 3 shows the list of the instructions and their operation code. Table 3 : Instruction and the operation code. We need to find a relation between the inputs and the output of the ALUController. Table 4 shows this relation. Table 4 : The truth table for the 4 operation code. “-” in Table 4 means there could be any values there. Here you see the equation for the first bit of the operation as an example: assign Operation [0]= (( Funct3 == 3'b110 ) || (( Funct3 == 3'b010 ) && ( ALUOp [0] == 1'b0 ))) ? 1'b1 : 1'b0 ; Here is the sample code for the ALU Controller. Code 2: ALUController `timescale 1 ns / 1 ps // Module definition module ALUController ( ALUOp , Funct7 , Funct3 , Operation ); // Define the input and output signals // Define the ALUController modules behavior. endmodule // ALUController 1.3 Datapath Use the Datapath module we have already designed in the Lab4. Check your design to ensure that your datapath from Lab 4 is working correctly. Code 3: Datapath `timescale 1 ns / 1 ps module data_path #( parameter PC_W = 8 , // Program Counter parameter INS_W = 32 , // Instruction Width parameter RF_ADDRESS = 5 , // Register File Address parameter DATA_W = 32 , // Data WriteData parameter DM_ADDRESS = 9 , // Data Memory Address parameter ALU_CC_W = 4 // ALU Control Code Width )( input clk , input reset , input reg_write , input mem2reg , input alu_src , input mem_write , input mem_read , input [ ALU_CC_W -1:0] alu_cc , output [6:0] opcode , output [6:0] funct7 , output [2:0] funct3 , output [ DATA_W -1:0] alu_result ); // next pc // instruction memory // register file // sign extend // alu // data memory endmodule 2 Higher Level module 2.1 Processor We have designed the three sub-modules of the processor (Datapath, Controller, ALUController) and now we want to use them to design a single cycle processor. Create a new source and define these three components and connect them to make the processor. Here again, you see the processor diagram. Blue lines are some wires which we used to connect the sub-modules. Define these blue lines as wires and connect the components to complete the Processor. Use this code for the Module part of the Processor. Code 4: processor `timescale 1 ns / 1 ps module processor ( input clk , reset , output [31:0] Result ); // Define the input and output signals // Define the processor modules behavior. endmodule // processor After finishing Processor design the sources window in the Vivado should look like this. Important: we want you to have separate source files for each of the sub-modules. 2.2 Test the Processor To test our code we only need to provide 2 inputs (clk and reset) and then read the outputs to see if they are as expected or not. In every rising edge of the clock, the processor will read a new instruction from the instruction memory and send the result to the output. Use the code below as test bench. Code 5: tb processor `timescale 1 ns / 1 ps module tb_processor (); /** Clock & reset **/ reg clk , rst ; wire [31:0] tb_Result ; processor processor_inst ( . clk ( clk ) , . reset ( rst ) , . Result ( tb_Result ) ); always begin # 10; clk = ∼clk ; end initial begin clk = 0; @ ( posedge clk ); rst = 1; @ ( posedge clk ); rst = 0; end initial begin dumpf ile(”test.vcd”);dumpvars ; end integer point =0; always @ (*) begin #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000000 ) // and begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000001 ) // addi begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000002 ) // addi begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000004 ) // addi begin point = point + 1; end ; #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000005 ) // addi begin point = point + 1; end ; #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000007 ) // addi begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000008 ) // addi begin point = point + 1; end # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h0000000b )// addi begin point = point + 1; end # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000003 ) // add begin point = point + 1; end # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'hfffffffe ) // sub begin point = point + 1; end ; # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000000 ) // and begin point = point + 1; end ; # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000005 ) // or begin point = point + 1; end ; # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000001 )// SLT begin point = point + 1; end ; #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'hfffffff4 ) // NOR begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h000004D2 ) // andi begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'hfffff8d7 ) // ori begin point = point + 1; end #20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000001 ) // SLT begin point = point + 1; end ; # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'hfffffb2c ) // nori begin point = point + 1; end ; # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000030 ) // sw begin point = point + 1; end ; # 20; if ( tb_Result == 32 'h00000030 ) // lw begin point = point + 1; end ; $display ("%s%d " ," The number of correct test cases is :" , point ); end initial begin # 430; $finish ; end endmodule Check the output (Result) to see if they are correct. Put a screenshot of the wave in your report and clearly annotate the result. 3 Assignment Deliverables New Testbench Requirements: To make the grading more efficient, please add the following initial block in your testbench module: Code 6: Testbench Initial Block initial begin $dumpfile (" test . vcd "); $dumpvars ; end Submission Requirements: Your submission should be in a *.zip file and should be submitted to Gradescope. The ZIP file should include the following items: • Source Code: Block designs and testbench: (tb processor.v, processor.v, Controller.v, ALUController.v, FlipFlop.v, InstMem.v, RegFile.v, Imm-Gen.v, Mux.v, ALU.v, DataMem.v, Datapath.v). • PDF Report: A report in the PDF format including the simulation results. Compress all files (*.v files + report) into one ZIP file named “lab5 UCInetID firstname lastname.zip” (note: UCInetID is your email user name and it is alphanumeric string), e.g., “lab5 sitaoh sitao huang.zip”, and upload this ZIP file to Gradescope before deadline. Note 1: To make the grading process more efficient, please use the exact same module names, port names, and file names as specified in this manual. You will lose points if you use different names. Use the code skeletons given in the lab manual. The module part of your code (module name, module declaration, port names, and port declaration) should not be changed. Note 2: Start working on the lab as early as possible. Note 3: It is fine to discuss the lab with others, but please write the code by yourself.
Visual Analytics (COMP2026) Autumn 2025: Assignment 2 (Group of Two or One) Multidimensional Data Visualisation (Assignment deadline: Sunday 08th of June 11:59pm on vUWS) Assignment Details For this assignment, you are required to identify and develop one (or more) visualisation(s) for the given multidimensional data set using available software and/or programming platform(s), (e.g. Tableau, Power BI, TabuVis, R, Python, etc.). Based on the visualisations, you can explore to find insight, patterns, ir(regularity) and interesting properties from the visualisation. Note that you may need to clean and pre-process the data before using them in the visualisation tools or programs. Upon your visualisations and analyses, you are also required to write a report with 1000 words (note: your report can be longer than 1000 words if necessary) on the following aspects: • Discussion on the advantages and the disadvantages ofthe visualisation method(s) in comparison with other methods in literature. Can the visualisation method(s) be used effectively for large data multidimensional data sets and why? Which other analysis techniques could be helpful to support the visualisation in big data analysis? Such as in the data processing, automated analysis, etc. • Discussion on the visualisation methods (including geographic visualisation, time series, charts and other advanced visualisation methods), analysis results and findings on the data sets, such as: i) How does the obesity situation among different educational levels via illustrations with geographic visualisations? ii) How do obesity or smoking situations change over time via illustrations with time series and/or geographic visualisations? iii) How do the different health indicators or a specific health indicator, such as smoking, differ among different countries? iv) What are the trends ofthe different health indicators or a specific health indicator, such as obesity, among different countries? And more. • Discussion on other aspects, literature review of related work and your critical thinking on the visualisation(s). Note: images (as figures) are essential and should be included in the report to illustrate the visualisations, results and findings. Marking criteria for the assignment includes • Development of satisfactorily visualisation(s) for multi-dimensional data (60%). The marking will be based on how well the visualisation methods present the multidimensional data. Interaction should also be included in the visualisation. • A report on the technical description of the visualisation, analysis results and other aspects (40%) • Students in the same group (will receive the same score in normal circumstance. Deliverables Students must individually or in a group complete the visualisation(s) and the report. Each group has maximum 2 students. The report should be typed and submitted online through vUWS as a Word or pdf file. A high standard of professional English and neat logical structure (including consistent and complete referencing style) is expected. Declaration You are required to submit a declaration with the following claim (in a text file or world file). DECLARATION I hold a copy of this assignment that I can produce if the original is lost or damaged. I hereby certify that no part of this assignment/product has been copied from any other student’s work or from any other source except where due acknowledgement is made in the assignment. No part of this assignment/product has been written/produced for me by another person except where such collaboration has been authorised by the subject lecturer/tutor concerned. Submission Together with the report document, the declaration, visualisation program(s) and data sets, and the report should be submitted via vUWS (with Turnitin) before the deadline for marking purpose. All these files should be zipped into one file with your student id as the zipped file name. Submission that does not follow the formats is not acceptable (i.e. Doc or PDF format for the report document, and ZIP file for source codes and others). No hard copy of the work and email submission is acceptable. For group submission, only one student will need to submit the assignment report to avoid 100% Turnitin similarity, and clearly indicate the second group member in the report. Other group members will submit the Zip file only which should also include the report file for recording purpose.
Examination for BSc Psychology (PRACTICE PAPER D) 4PAHPRM2 RESEARCH METHODS 2 PRACTICAL EXAMINATION Section A The questions in Section A are about the article by Suddendorf (2010). You are provided with a replication of the experiment from this article in an SPSS data file named: Specimen D Suddendorf Replication.sav Use the data in this file to answer the questions that follow. Question A1 [8 marks available] Suddendorf (2010) reports this analysis on page 494 of their article: … the difference between 4-year-olds’ (M = 2.32, SD = 1.20) and 3-year-olds’ (M = 1.81, SD = 1.50) number of responses on the yesterday question did not reach significance, t = 1.71; p = .091. Repeat this analysis for the data that you have been given, and report it. (a) Table A1. Number of answers given to “Tell me something that you did yesterday” by age-group (report values to two decimal places) Age-group Mean Standard Deviation 3-year-olds 4-year-olds (b) Report the t-test: (i) The test statistic (to three decimal places): t = __________ (ii) The degrees of freedom df = __________ (iii) The exact p-value (to three decimal places): p ____________ (Use ‘=’ or ‘
MAT137 Assignment 2 Due June 9, 2025 Question 1. In this question you prove a few important facts about polynomials. The Chebyshev polynomials are an important collection of polynomials which are particularly well behaved on the region [−1, 1] and are used widely in function approximation and numerical methods. The nth Chebyshev polynomial Tn(x) is defined recursively as: ❼ T0(x) = 1 ❼ T1(x) = x ❼ Tn+1(x) = 2xTn(x) − Tn−1(x) (a) Prove by induction that Tn(cos θ) = cos(nθ). (b) Where are the extreme values of Tn(x) over the region [−1, 1]? What are they? How many are there? (c) Let p(x) be a degree n polynomial. Give a proof by induction that p(x) = 0 has at most n solutions. Question 2. Let Tn(x) be the nth Chebyshev polynomial. Let p(x) be a polynomial of degree n such that ∀x ∈ [−1, 1], |p(x)| < 1. Prove that the following statement holds true: ∀x ∈ R s.t. x [−1, 1], |p(x)| ≤ |Tn(x)| Roughly speaking, this theorem characterizes a tradeoff with Chebyshev polynomials: They are in some sense the “best” polynomials over [−1, 1], and so they must be the “worst” outside. Question 3. Recall that for D ⊆ R and a function f(x) defined on D, we say that f(x) is continuous on D if: ∀a ∈ D, ∀ϵ > 0, ∃δ > 0 s.t. ∀x ∈ D, |x − a| < δ =⇒ |f(x) − f(a)| < ϵ We say that f(x) is trouble-free on D if: ∀ϵ > 0, ∃δ > 0 s.t. ∀a, x ∈ D, |x − a| < δ =⇒ |f(x) − f(a)| < ϵ We say that f(x) is bounded on D if: ∃C ∈ R s.t. ∀x ∈ D, |f(x)| ≤ C (a) Statement 1: Let a < b and let f(x) be a function which is continuous on (a, b). Then f(x) must be bounded on (a, b). Is this statement true? If yes, prove it. If not, give a counterexample. (b) Statement 2: Let a < b and let f(x) be a function which is trouble-free on (a, b). Then f(x) must be bounded on (a, b). Is this statement true? If yes, prove it. If not, give a counterexample. Question 4. Find the derivative. If the problem asks for a the nth derivative, give a proof by induction. (a) Compute for any n ∈ N. (b) Compute for any n ∈ N. (c) Compute , where f(x) = x(sin x + 1)x Question 5. Let a ∈ R (a) If f + g is differentiable at a, must f and g be differentiable at a? (b) Suppose f is differentiable at a, and f(a) = 0. Show that f = (x − a)g(x), where g is a function which is continuous at a. (c) Suppose that f(x) = (x − a)g(x) for some function g which is continuous at a. Prove that f is differentiable at a and find f′(a) in terms of g. Question 6. We let denote the curve y2 = x3 − x (Figure 1) Figure 1: : y 2 = x 3 − x (a) Find all vertical lines which are tangent to . (b) Find all horizontal lines which are tangent to . (c) Find the line which is tangent to at the point . (d) Find a function f(x) with domain D which represents the branch of lying in the first quadrant. That is, find a function f(x) such that: {(x, f(x)) : x ∈ D} = {(x, y) : y2 = x3 − x, x > 0, y > 0} (e) Let g(x) be a function such that g(f(x)) = x for all x ∈ D. You do not need to prove that such a function exists. Find the equation of a line which is tangent to g(x) at the point (√6, g(√6)). Question 7. (a) Let f(x) be an increasing function defined on a domain D. Prove there exists a function g(x) such that g(f(x)) = x for all x ∈ D. (That is, prove all increasing functions are invertible.) (b) Let f(x) = √x 3 − x be defined with domain D = (1, ∞). Prove that f(x) is increasing on D. (c) Let t > 0. Recall that if a function f(x) defined on R is periodic with period t, then the following holds: ∀x ∈ R, f(x + t) = f(x) Show that if f(x) is periodic with a period t, then f(x) is not invertible. (d) Let t1, t2, t3, ..., tn be positive integers. Let f1, ..., fn be functions defined on R such that fi is periodic with period ti for each 1 ≤ i ≤ n. Define: Prove that h(x) is also periodic.
The 125732 Advanced Corporate Finance (TCA) Information Final exam: TCA Completion requirements Opens: Monday, 9 June 2025, 2:30 PM Closes: Tuesday, 10 June 2025, 2:30 PM This is a Time Constrained Assessment (TCA). This examination contributes 50% to the final mark. Please read all the information provided in the TCA section in Stream https://stream.massey.ac.nz/course/view.php?id=73857#section-20 AI category of the final examination: AI Planning – please see Assessment section in Stream You’ll need to complete an AI Use Declaration once you complete and submit your TCA. Please note that using an AI tool to generate answers to the questions in the TCA is cheating. 125732 ADVANCED CORPORATE FINANCE Time Allowed: THREE (3) hours Calculators are permitted with no restrictions Answer ALL Questions Q1 - 15 45 marksSectionB- Short-answer questions (3 x 12=) C1 - C2 19 marksTotal100marks
UCBS7037 Financial Management Assessment University of Cumbria, Financial Management Interim Assignment and Final Assessment 1. You are required to complete the assessment outlined below and submit your completed final document through the RKC Online Campus by the end of Unit 6. Your grade will be based 100% on this final document, to which you will also receive written feedback. 2. In addition you must upload part of your draft of the above document by the end of Unit 3 (see Interim Assignment at the end of this document for more details). This draft will not be graded, but it is an important way of monitoring your progress, and you will receive feedback with respect to the topic covered in the interim assignment. 3. Please ask any questions about the interim assignment and final assessment in the Forum. 4. Note that this is a fictional case focused on assessing your understanding of management accounting; you are not expected to comment in any way on aspects such as the market feasibility or actual rates of tax. Final Assessment You have been asked by your 60-year-old uncle Isaac to help him assess a new venture. It is Friday night, and he needs the work finished by Sunday, in preparation for an early Monday morning meeting, so you know that he will not be able to give you any more information than he already has (and you will be unable to contact him over the weekend), and therefore you may need to rely on your own assumptions and estimates for some of the analysis where appropriate. Isaac lives near Toronto in Canada and recently took early retirement (from a soft drinks company he joined 25 years ago), leaving the company with a lump sum (after tax) payment of CAD 800,000. Surprisingly, rather than being depressed by his new state of independence, he is tired of the bureaucratic life and excitedly contemplating a new career as a retailer of a range of German fine handmade chocolate. He is confident that he can set up a business to import the chocolate from Lindau and sell it in Canada. His wife, who he met at business school, is pleased with his passion for this possible new venture but concerned that it might turn into a financial disaster. She has suggested that he develop a financial plan to evaluate the venture and its viability. After a couple of hours with Isaac you have assembled the following information from him: - AlpenChoc, an established artisan manufacturer of fine chocolates with innovative flavours (owned by one of Isaac’s university colleagues), is prepared to give him exclusive rights to sell their products in Canada for a seven-year period in exchange for an upfront payment for those rights; - The chocolate sells in Germany for an average of 120 Euro (€) per kg, and AlpenChoc is prepared to sell them to Isaac at a 40% discount to this price; - AlpenChoc would ship each order to Isaac as soon as they receive payment; - Isaac has found out that shipping from AlpenChoc to Toronto by air freight, would cost on average € 14 per kg and that the time from him placing an order to receiving the goods in Toronto would be two weeks (including the preparation and packing time in Lindau); - Isaac plans to order from AlpenChoc monthly and intends to maintain a minimum stock of one month’s worth of sales to ensure that he will be able to supply a suitable range of chocolates to customers; - He will buy a special refrigerator at a cost of CAD 15,500 to keep the chocolates in good condition, and has found a small industrial room he can rent nearby at a cost of CAD 3,500 per month (payable monthly in advance, plus an initial security deposit of three months’ rent, refundable at the end of his tenancy if there is no damage); - Isaac will sell the chocolates throughout Canada by internet only, and is planning to spend CAD 8,500 with a website designer to develop the e-commerce site; - He has already spent CAD 5,000 on a market study that told him that once established, demand would be about 750 kg a month, although in the first-year sales would start at only 50 kg in the first month before building up slowly through the year to the full level at the end of the year; - The above study assumed an average selling price in Canada of CAD 160 per kg (ignore any impact of sales taxes in your calculations); - Packaging and shipping in Canada would average CAD 6 per kg, and Isaac is not intending to charge that to the customer; - All sales would be by credit card, with the credit card company taking a 1.2% handling fee per sale and remitting the monthly total to Isaac two weeks after the end of each calendar month; - He believes that two part-time students could run the entire operation at a total cost to him (including employer’s social charges) of CAD 2,500 per month; - Isaac understands that, if necessary, he could borrow up to an additional CAD 80,000 at 7% p.a.; - The effective overall marginal tax rate on profit from a company set up to undertake this activity would be 25%, payable one year in arrears; Isaac has also told you that he can invest any available cash at an after tax 3% per annum. Isaac also has a friend, Jade, who owns a small chain of travel agents in the Toronto area. Jade is interested in the venture and she has agreed that if Isaac packages the chocolates in boxes decorated with views of Southern Germany, she would give him a two-year contract to buy one hundred boxes (each containing 250gm of chocolates) from him per month, at a price of CAD 45 each. This would be in addition to the internet sales outlined above and would start immediately. To do this Isaac would need to buy in boxes and decorative paper at a cost of CAD 8 per box, and he has found a used table top wrapping machine that could be bought for CAD 2,200. He would also hire an assistant specifically to pack and deliver the boxes at an additional cost (including employer’s social charges) of CAD 500 per month. Isaac remembers lectures on discounted cash flow analysis at business school and wonders if that is the best way to assess this opportunity. He has asked you to prepare an analysis while he is away to help him with the decision, making clear any assumptions that you make; the analysis should not exceed a total of 25 pages (everything from the cover page to the final page), and should include: - A summary of all assumptions and estimates that you have made for your analysis, including justifications where appropriate; - A break even analysis; - A Profit and Loss Statement for the first year of operations and Balance Sheet at the end of the first year; - Monthly cash flow for the first year of operation; - Annual cash flow thereafter; - A clear explanation, in plain English, of how much cash the venture will need to get started; - Any sensitivity analysis that you think would be helpful; - The most that Isaac could offer AlpenChoc as an upfront fee for the exclusive rights for the seven year period (which does not include any chocolates, just the rights) which would leave him no better or worse off than if he had not undertaken the venture, and the amount you suggest he should actually offer them; - Conclusions and recommendations of whether or not he should pursue the offer; - A critical reflection of the analysis that Isaac has asked you to prepare; how you have evaluated the attractiveness of the venture and what, if anything, would you do differently in a financial analysis of this opportunity, and why? Isaac has explained that he is going to be out of town for a wedding so will be unable to provide any assistance at all, but as he pointed out before leaving “you will find this easy with computers and the internet to help”. Your report should demonstrate skills of critical reflection, effective communication and balanced judgement; note that this is not a market report. Scripts that are excessively long (i.e. exceeding the page limit) will not be read beyond the point of the page limit; there is no minimum page limit. Do not put your name on the paper. The overall structure should be as follows: 1. Cover Page (1 page) 2. Table of Contents/List of Exhibits (1 page) 3. Executive Summary 4. Main Report 5. Critical Reflection 5. List of References. The data in your answer should be clearly laid out in tabular format so that your approach and answer are both plainly evident. Submissions should be machine readable and in MS-Word only; submit only one file, and include any Excel analysis as images, not embedded files. Grading will be based on the following breakdown: - Assumptions, estimates and sensitivity analysis: 25% - Cash flow and financial viability analysis: 25% - Other financial details (P&L Statement, Balance Sheet, break even, etc): 35% - Critical reflection: 10% - Referencing and presentation: 5%
Syllabus: W24 MATH D001B Calculus 05 Judson 38444 Syllabus MATH 1B CRN 38444 SECTION 05 Required Materials 1) “Calculus Early Transcendentals, 9th Edition” by James Stewart 2) Calculator: TI83/84 graphing calculator or similar (something capable of numerical integration) Student Learning Objectives 1) Analyze the definite integral from a graphical, numerical, analytical, and verbal approach, using correct notation and mathematical precision. 2) Formulate and use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 3) Apply the definite integral in solving problems in analytical geometry and the sciences. Accommodations Those of you who need additional accommodations, due to disability, campus-related activities, or some other reason, please meet with me during the first two weeks of class to discuss your options. Grading Scale Due to the complexity of the material the grading scale we will use is as follows A :90−100 B+: 80−84 C+: 67−69 D : 50−59 F : 0−49 A−: 85−89 B : 75−79 C : 60−66 B−: 70−74 Midterms Four exams will be given with no make-ups. Each exam will be worth 10% of your grade. The bulk of your grade on the exam will be based on the work you show to justify your answers. If an exam is missed under extreme circumstances and for a very valid reason, some alternative will be considered. If such extreme circumstances occur it is the students responsibility to inform me immediately and provide documentation of the circumstances. Final Exam A two-hour comprehensive final exam will be given on Wednesday, March 27, from 7:00am to 9:00am. The final will represent 25% to 35% of your grade. (see quizzes below) Quizzes Quizzes will represent up to 10% of your grade. However, all points that are missed on quizzes will be replaced by your final. For example, if you average a 60% across all quizzes and then score a 75% on the final, you will earn back 75% of the points you had missed on quizzes so that your final quiz score will be a 90%. In this way quizzes are designed to be a place where you can make mistakes and learn from them. As with your midterms, you are expected to do your own work on quizzes. However, unlike midterms, quizzes will be taken outside of class. On the day a quiz is assigned, you can click on the quiz at any time. The quizzes are designed to be completed in 20-24 minutes. The best way to create a pdf of your work is to do the work by hand. Then take a picture of your work. You can convert your picture to a pdf using any number of free apps. Your first quiz will be a short informational quiz designed to make sure everyone knows how to create a pdf. Due to the fact that all missed points are covered by the final, quizzes will only be graded if they are submitted as a single pdf through the CANVAS quiz. Labs A half dozen times throughout the quarter we will have lab assignments. The intention behind lab assignments is to encourage students to think more deeply about the material. For this reason, the labs often cover topics you haven’t seen in the course. By the time each lab is assigned you will have learned all of the skills you need in order to complete the assignment. These labs will be worked on in groups of three or four. You will need to work on them outside of class to complete them. Although every student must turn in their own lab assignment, you will be graded as a group on the assignment. Labs will be due before midnight on appropriate Fridays. No late lab assignments will be accepted. Each Lab will be graded out of 100 points. Approximately a week after a lab is assigned, we will have a lab check-in day. A rough draft of the lab must be submitted before midnight the night immediately preceding the Lab Check-In. The rough draft will be worth 20 points and will be graded solely based upon attempting all parts of the exam and asking meaningful questions about those parts you do not know how to do up to that point. Labs will represent 10% of your grade. Your lowest aggregate lab score will be dropped. Group Work In my experience, every calculus class understands the lecture right up until the point they have to work through a problem. To help facilitate this process, we will often break into groups and work on problems and get our hands dirty. This work will take place in small groups at the whiteboards. You will be graded based on your active participation both while you are writing on the board and while others are doing the writing. Group Work will account for 5% of your total grade. Homework As with all courses you are expected to put in at least 2 hours of work per unit per week outside of class. Some of this time will be spent on your labs and quizzes and preparing for exams. Other time will be spent learning and practicing the course material. The grade attached to this additional time is your homework. We will have two types of homework in this class. We will have the traditional problem sets, where you are practicing exercises sets on your own and we will also have homework lectures. Each type of homework will be worth 5% of your grade. Homework Problem Sets. The only way we can learn mathematics is by practicing mathematics. Each week you will be assigned a problem set of 24 problems. These problem sets will be due by Friday at midnight. I will select 4 of the problems and provide you feedback on them. These will be graded out of 5 points. The remaining problems will be graded out of one point on the bases that a reasonable attempt was made. It is best to think of the homework assignments I assign as minimal problem sets. Students are encouraged to go beyond them. It is recommended that you complete all homework problems from a particular section before we take the quiz covering those sections. Unfortunately, due to the amount of material we cover in this course we will rarely if ever have time to cover homework questions during class, so you are encouraged to ask homework questions you might have during my drop in hours. Homework Lectures. In order to make room for active learning during our time together we will be borrowing elements from the flipped classroom model. Before each class session there will be a collection of lecture videos you are expected to watch. The total time for each group of videos will be about one hour. To honor the time spent watching the videos there will be a short assessment for you to take while watching the videos. Since, the purpose of these assessments is to reflect the time spent watching the lectures, alternate correct answers will not be accepted. Only the answer reflected in the videos. Honors If you are taking the honors section of this course you will be required to do two honors problem sets during the quarter. You will have at least two weeks to complete these assignments. If you are interested in taking the honors version of this course, please let me know during the first week of the quarter. The honors assignments will be worth 10% of your grade.
ENG1012 Project Report 1. Introduction This report presents a conceptual upgrade for the Lang Lang Water Recycling Plant (LL). The enhancements are in response to possible issues arising from population growth, which will cause an increase in inflow. This project is being undertaken for the ENG1012 (Engineering Design) unit. Along with Monash University, the CMP Consulting Group is driving this initiative. The primary aim of this report is to propose a long-term and sustainable design upgrade that addresses the current capacity constraints of the plant and also sets the stage for future upgrades. The design also aims to balance technical requirements with environmental and social constraints. The report focuses on the following key elements: ● Analyzing the existing processes and challenges at the LL Water Recycling Plant. ● The design for upgrading the wastewater treatment equipment. An overview of the report: ● Background and Context. ● An analysis of the current issues, ● A design proposal utilizing a solution-independent problem statement, stakeholders, and other requirements. ● The team structure and various roles assigned. ● Conclusion and recommendations. 2. Background The Water Recycling Plant (WRP) is one of the most significant pieces of civil infrastructure in a city. However, due to population growth and climate change, the Lang Lang Water Recycling Plant is approaching its capacity limit, which is currently 1 ML/day. The plant must expand its capacity to meet the increasing demand. Once the plant is upgraded, the limit will be increased to 4 times the current. This will enable all currently unsewered areas and future developments within the township to connect seamlessly to the South East network, ensuring comprehensive and sustainable wastewater management for the entire region (Cardinia Shire Council, 2009). 2.1 Influence factor The township of Lang Lang is located approximately 70 kilometers southeast from the centre of Melbourne, near the South Gippsland Highway (Monash University and The University of Queensland, 2015). The soils in the Lang Lang region have low permeability as they are primarily composed of peaty clay. This presents engineering challenges due to the difficulty of drainage and stability in construction. Lang Lang is situated on the southern edge of the Koo Wee Rup Swamp and lies south of the Lang Lang River, which flows into Western Port Bay. As an important role for local agriculture, the Lang Lang River supplies water for irrigation, dairy farms, and domestic water. This town also has an extensive dairy farm, Caldermeade Farm. Moreover, according to the Cardinia Shire Council (2009), the mangrove-salt marsh vegetation of Westernport Bay has regional, national, and international significance, and it has been acknowledged that the marsh vegetation plays an important role in stabilising the coastal system and providing wildlife habitats. Taylor (2024) agrees with that and says the Western Port is an important habitat for migratory birds. Hence, the upgrade of the Lang Lang WRP comes with extra challenges that would not be present if this. Another challenge associated with the transport of Lang Lang is that historically, there was a railway through it. However, the station in Lang Lang operated until the closure of the railway line between Cranbourne Station and Leongatha Station in 1993. The main transport is currently served by bus services connecting it to Melbourne and surrounding areas. Thus, transport will be one of the main problems. The climate is also an influencing factor that we need to consider. According to Taylor (2024), the sea levels near Lang Lang are rising due to climate change, and this will cause coastal inundation and saline intrusion. As mentioned, the salty sea water might impact the septic systems while it flows through the groundwater. 2.2 Current Issue The Lang Lang Water Reclamation Plant is facing escalating inflows, predominantly driven by the local expanding population and increasingly stringent environmental regulations. 2.3 Impact Without any change, the current issues and dangers will harm the environment and living surrounding. 2.3.1 Impact of Change If the Lang Lang Water Recycling Plant is upgraded, the plant will be able to improve the efficiency of its operations and provide a reliable wastewater treatment system, and it will also prevent environmental damage from untreated wastewater. According to the CMD project brief(), the Lang Lang WRP is expanding its capacity to handle more wastewater to meet the increasing population in the surrounding area. According to South East Water & CMP Consulting Group, the plant will be upgraded to enhance a suitable disinfection process to face the growing future demand. Furthermore, the odour control will also be improved, such as the air quality will be enhanced before release. One more important one is reusing the water safely because it will lead to severe complications, not only people's health issues but also the safety of wildlife. 2.3.1 Impact of Unchanged If nothing changes, pollution will be the main problem. Due to the limitation of capacity, the untreated wastewater will directly flow into the environment. For example, wastewater will impact the marine ecosystem because the chemicals and heavy metals that are contained in untreated wastewater will kill most of the marine life, like fish and algae (Fabien, 2024). 3. Solution Independent Problem Statement The Lang Lang Water Recycling Plant is getting close to its treatment capacity due to population growth and the effects of climate change. This puts pressure on its ability to reliably and sustainably manage increasing wastewater volumes. The project will upgrade the plant so it can handle an average of 4 megalitres per day and peak flows of up to 240 litres per second. In the project, we will deliver a concept design that expands the existing infrastructure to handle projected demands. We’ll also make sure to factor in environmental responsibility and work with traditional owners throughout the process. In addition, the project will involve a feasibility assessment to investigate potential upgrades to the recycled water system. 4. Stakeholders Stakeholders are one of the important analytical parts of the project. The following part will analyze both the components and relationships among the stakeholders. Stakeholders can be divided into two parts, including 3 key stakeholders and other indirect stakeholders to be considered. The 3 primary stakeholders are the South East Water company (SEW), the CMP consulting company and the student engineers executive team. 4.1 Key Stakeholders 4.1.1 South East Water Company (SEW) SEW company, as both the client and fund investor, possessed the most ultimate decision-making power. According to its website brief, SEW manages the extensive water resources across a vast area, which will have a huge impact on the life and environment around the region(in the southeast of Melbourne city). As an enterprise of the Australia-owned sector, SEW is regulated by the Department of Health for drinking water quality and the Environment Protection Authority for recycled water quality, and the Essential Services Commission is the water industry’s economic regulator[]. Furthermore, SEW is the employee of the CMP consulting company and provides specific demands to the engineers' executive team, which should comply with laws and regulations. Additionally, SEW is driven by the need to address capacity issues at the Lang Lang WRP. Once the project is finished, SEW are supposed to evaluate the consequences and changes of Lang Lang WRP with the engineers teams. To guarantee the feasibility of the project, SEW should consider three possibilities of the consequence (positive, neutral and negative). For example, how do you maintain and make further improvements if positive? How do you improve and change the parts of the project if you are neutral? What to reflect on and re-evaluate if negative? Besides, SEW should provide water discharge standards according to the Victoria government. Every step taken by SEW will influence the action and interest of any other stakeholders. 4.1.2 CMP Consulting Company CMP acts as the secondary important role during the project. In general, the consulting company always plays the role of project supervision and acts as a neutral intermediary between the owner and contractors during the engineering programme. In this Lang Lang upgrade project, as the technology agent, CMP can be regarded as the assistant who is responsible for helping SEW evaluate the cons and pros of the implementation scheme. Since the SEW can not communicate with the student engineers team directly, CMP also works as the communication bridge between them, which ensures the accuracy and convenience of the project information exchange and sharing, such as the budget, time limit, and some specific demands. In addition, one of the most practical contributions made by CMP should be experience sharing. Its group can combine some actual engineering challenges(sludge and sewage treatment) with the student engineers’ ideas, which will not only increase the feasibility of the project but also balance the implementation innovation and professionalism. This is one of the ultimate impacts that is expected to happen on the student engineers. 4.1.3 Student Engineers Executive Team As the conductors of the upgrade project, this team should not only put forward their innovative proposals(Lang Lang capacity upgrade, long-lasting scheme and treatment improvement) but also accurately carry out the project content. It requires the engineers team to be equipped with professional and sufficient knowledge reserves, such as civil, technology, electrical and environmental knowledge. Furthermore, the team is supposed to clarify and follow the specific instructions from SEW and CMP, facilitated by the Monash team. Both considering the feasibility and potential risk of the Lang Lang upgrade action, the student engineers can find the optimal solution in terms of academic innovation and cost consideration by clear role division. 4.2 Indirect Stakeholders In addition to the key stakeholders, Indirect entities should be taken into consideration as well, since it can help refine the entire plan and locate the details that might have been ignored. 4.2.1 Lang Lang WRP As the majority during the upgrade transformation program, WRP should provide its basic operation situation and capacity difficulty to the engineering team. Besides, its geographical location and deteriorated equipments should be evaluated again to ensure sustainable developement. No matter how it will be upgraded, WRP is supposed to ensure the operation of STP(sewage treatment and discharge) and RWTP(water purification for non-drinking purposes and irrigation), which maintain the normal life of the surrounding residents and the environment. 4.2.2 Residents and Environment nearby Residents and the environment are two entities that will be directly affected by the upgrade project of Lang Lang WRP. If the project ultimately maintains and improves the water resource quality in the future, the residents can gain more pure water for their daily lives. Additionally, the irrigation system can make full use of the discharged water, which not only ensures the growth of green plants but also makes the utilization of resources more environmentally friendly. 4.2.3 Local government Since a big project will be conducted, all the stakeholders should obey the criteria and standards in Victoria, which means this project is carried out under the supervision of the government departments. For example, we should get permission from some departments, such as the EPA Victoria(environmental protection agency), DELWP(water resources management agency Victoria) and detailed civil departments. It is essential to get official permission to guarantee safety. 4.2.4 Area Landowner In addition to considering government agencies, we have to get permission from the traditional landowner, which shows great respect to the culture and indigenous Australians. All conductors should execute the proposal with the least loss of land as possible as we can to both protect the environment and the original land resources. 5. Design Requirements 5.1 Constraints The design must comply with a range of environmental, operational, and regulatory constraints: ● Site Capacity: The current plant has a treatment capacity of 1 ML/day, which needs to be increased to 4 ML/day average flow and 240 L/s peak instantaneous flow. The expansion is restricted by limited land availability, as the site is bordered by residential and agricultural zones. ● Regulatory Compliance: The upgrade must adhere to EPA Victoria environmental discharge limits, public health regulations for Class A recycled water, and odour control standards. ● Staged Construction Feasibility: Phase 1 (WWTP upgrade) begins construction in 2028; Phase 2 (RWTP feasibility) is only in preliminary assessment in 2025. Therefore, future integration must be planned without significant downtime during construction. ● Sludge Handling Limitations: Current sludge thickening and transport infrastructure is limited (4.3 m³/d thickened solids). Major upgrades must maintain continuity of sludge removal. ● Odour Treatment Capacity: Bio-trickling and carbon filters are sized for 1 ML/day. Any increased sludge or inlet flow must be evaluated for odour control expansion. Assumptions: ● Population growth continues at the projected rate (doubling by 2040). ● External contractors will perform. construction; the design must anticipate third-party interpretation. ● No change to the incoming sewage network or customer-side Class A water delivery systems (per exclusions). 5.2 Criteria The main goals for the upgrade of the wastewater treatment plant are to minimise costs, improve efficiency, and ensure the project is environmentally sustainable. The key priority is to construct a facility that increases the capacity of water treatment while reducing the impact on the surrounding community. The project also aims to stay on schedule and meet performance expectations throughout construction and operation. Several key assumptions underpin the design criteria. It is assumed that population growth will increase demand for wastewater treatment, requiring expanded capacity. The project also assumes that clean energy technologies will be accessible and affordable, supporting sustainability goals. Construction is expected to proceed without major disruption to existing operations, and efficient, locally sourced materials and labour will be available. Lastly, it is assumed that community support will be strong if environmental impacts are minimised and the project delivers clear long- term benefits. During the construction phase, efforts will be made to minimise disruption to existing operations. This includes limiting interference with current equipment, reducing construction noise, and closely monitoring environmental conditions around the site. Special care will be taken to avoid negatively affecting the daily lives of nearby residents, ensuring that the upgrade delivers long-term benefits with minimal short- term inconvenience. Table 1: Weighted criteria. Critera Sub-Criteria Weight 1. Cost- effectiveness a. Capital cost of construction 10 b. Ongoing operational maintenance costs 10 c. Return on investment / Value for money 10 2. Sustainability and Environmentally Friendliness a. Energy efficiency and carbon reduction 10 b. Water reuse and recycling 10 c. Use of renewable or low-impact materials 10 3. Construction Feasibility a. Ease of construction 7 b. Availability of materials and labour 5 c. Construction time / Meeting project deadlines 8 4. Impact on Residents a. Noise and disruption during construction 7 b. Long-term impact on nearby communities 7 c. Community acceptance and support. 6 Total Weight 100 5.3 Functions The core function of the upgraded Lang Lang Water Recycling Plant is to treat wastewater in a way that reliably meets future demand. With projected flows increasing to 4 megalitres per day and peak loads reaching 240 litres per second, the treatment process must be robust enough to handle larger volumes while maintaining performance. This means ensuring that the plant consistently removes organic matter, nitrogen, and pathogens, producing water suitable for safe reuse under Class A standards. Strengthening the disinfection system through technologies like ultrafiltration and ultraviolet (UV) treatment is key to meeting health and safety requirements. In addition to these core goals, several supporting functions will help ensure the success of the upgrade. Managing odour effectively is important, especially given the plant’s proximity to residential and agricultural areas. The system must also deal with increased sludge volumes efficiently, so upgrades to sludge thickening and transport systems need to be considered. The design should also allow for future expansion of the recycled water system (Phase 2) without major rework or disruption. 5.4 Scope The scope includes evaluating and proposing improvements to key systems such as the activated sludge process, odour control mechanisms, and sludge handling infrastructure. The design must account for staged construction, ensuring that the plant remains operational during the upgrade and that work can be handed over to an external contractor by the proposed 2028 start date. Although the recycled water system is not being upgraded at this stage, the scope includes a high-level feasibility assessment to guide potential future upgrades. This involves identifying suitable disinfection methods to meet future Class A water quality requirements, as well as evaluating how increased demand will impact storage and delivery systems. Elements outside the scope include any changes to the sewage collection network that brings wastewater into the plant, modifications to winter storage lagoons, and customer-side recycled water infrastructure. The project also looks at whether the planned upgrade of the Lang Lang Wastewater Treatment Plant will be approved and whether it will be able to meet future demand. It focuses mainly on the Land Lang site and considers the need for partial demolition, reconstruction, and work around the existing plant. Key issues include whether there is enough land, financial backing, and community support to carry out the project. 6. Topics requiring in-depth research ● What FOS (Factor of Safety) should be considered while planning the upgrade? ● Is there a specific budget we should keep in mind?
MCEN90054 Design and Manufacturing Practice Summarize into a report the assembly results for the selected Prusa printer parts using alternative higher volume production processes. This report will include: 1. Proof of Operation A. Create a video of the printer in operation, including showing it printing and the printed result. B. In the report include images of the final printer fully assembled and an image of a printed part. C. Comment on the printed part quality. D. Note that all all machines must be properly disassembled and returned to the blue boxes by Thursday night of your build week. 2. System Build with New Parts. For each of the 11 new parts: consider the performance of the assembly that contains the new part. Note that teams will lose marks for broken or poorly fabricated parts that affect assembly or operation. Team members are expected to step in if they see issues during the build. A. Does the part have any installation difficulties? B. Does the part perform. as well as the original? 3. Redesign Sub-Assembly Performance. A. Record the time needed to complete the steps to assemble the y-axis assembly with the new joint design with the new y-rod holders. Compare with the time predicted for the previous design from your DFA analysis. B. Provide images of the new y-rod holder joint. Comment on its functional performance. What works best about it, what further improvements could you make? C. The new y-rod holder had two holes where you placed screw inserts. What is the hole-hole spacing required, complete with a tolerance? How precisely does that tolerance mean for your screw insert placement? 4. Assembly Production Line Design. A. Define and justify a takt time for production of the machine, following the provided assembly guide (not the original Prusa assembly guide). B. For the machine, define an assembly process: number of workcells and workers, what assembly steps done at each workcell. C. Draw a preliminary assembly line layout floorplan for assembly process, to scale.
Econ0007: Tutorial 2 (Non-assessed) The purpose of this homework, which does not account towards your final mark, is to prepare you for the Moodle quiz. You need to submit your answers to these questions in Moodle a day before your tutorial . For instance, if your tutorial is Wednesday 15:00, then your deadline is Tuesday 23:59. Submit your answers in a world file. How to name your submission file? If your candidate number is BSMX5 and you are in tutorial B, please name your submission file as “TB-BSMX5”. Although not marked, we will treat your homework submissions as evidence of your engagement with this module. Part 1: Multiple choice questions. You will receive 2 marks for each correct answer and 1 mark will be subtracted from your score for each incorrect answer. If you do not answer a question, you will receive zero marks for that question. A1. Which of the following options is among the factors that determines trade specialisation according to the Heckscher Ohlin Model? A. Differences in production experience B. Differences in real interest rates C. None of the above A2. Which of these statements is correct? A. Under free trade, Heckscher Ohlin model predicts a fall in global income inequality in the long term B. Under free trade, Heckscher Ohlin model predicts a rise in global income inequality in the long-term C. None of the above A3. Which of these statements is correct? A. Under free trade, Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts a rise in income inequality within rich countries B. Under free trade, Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts a rise in income inequality within developing countries C. None of the above A4. Which of these options are among the losers of trade liberalisation, according to the Heckscher Ohlin model? A. Computer programmer in Ethiopia B. Unskilled shoe producers in Ethiopia C. None of the above A5. Which of these options are among the winners of trade liberalisation, according to the New Trade Theory? A. Bondholders in Germany B. Unskilled workers in Germany C. None of the above A6. Which of these statements is correct? A. New Trade Theory is able to explain the concentration of trade in just few regions B. New Trade Theory is able to explain inter-industry trade C. None of the above A7. Which of these statements is correct? A. New Trade Theory assumes downward supply curves for firms. B. New Trade Theory assumes homogenous production technology across countries. C. None of the above A8. Which of these options are among the assumptions of Heckscher-Ohlin model? A. Composition of the consumption basket is the same in the two countries B. Constant return to capital C. None of the above A9. Based on the shown figure, which of these statements is correct? A. The data for China is consistent with New Trade Theory. B. The data for Japan is consistent with Heckscher-Ohlin model. C. None of the above. Source: World Bank Development Indicators. A10. You can find the data on Saudi Arabia’s export basket here . Based on that data, which of these options is correct? A. Saudi Arabia’s export basket is consistent with Heckscher-Ohlin model. B. Saudi Arabia’s export basked is highly diversified. C. None of the above. Part B: Short questions. You need to answer both questions. To do so, you often need to rely on the material covered in the lectures, tutorials, and readings. The labour’s share of income has been declining in the US in the past four decades. Is this trend consistent with the predictions of Heckscher-Ohlin Model? (Word limit: 250 words) Can New Trade Theory help us predict the pattern of horizontal intra-industry trade among countries? Explain. (Word limit: 250 words)
ENERGY 201C Spring ‘25 Supplemental Note for HW#3: Problem 2 These notes are adapted from the book “Control of Fuel Cell Power Systems: Principles, Modeling, Analysis and Feedback Design by J. T. Pukrushpan, A. G. Stefanopolou and H. Peng” [1]. The notation used in the equations is updated to match the notation in the lecture slides. The irreversible fuel cell voltage can be determined with the following relation: where the individual terms are provided as follows. 1. Nernst potential, E As shown in the lecture notes, the reversible voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell is: This is known as “Nernst Potential” of a hydrogen fuel cell. The Gibbs free energy changes at standard temperature and pressure (STP) (25oC and 1 bar) gives a reference potential of 1.229 V. Using thermodynamic values of the standard-state entropy change, the expression can be rewritten as: where E Nernst potential [V] Tfc Stack temperature [K] PH2 Hydrogen partial pressure [atm] (1 atm = 101325 Pa) Po2 Oxygen partial pressure [atm] 2. Activation overvoltage, ηact This term maybe be estimated by using the Tafel equation, which relates the current density to the activation overvoltage. However, better results can be obtained by using the following correlation obtained from empirical data on a Nafion 117 membrane: where η0 is the voltage drop at zero current density in [V], and ηa in [V] and c1 are constants. The parameters in the expression above are: where ηact Activation overvoltage [V] i Current density [A/cm2] Tfc Stack temperature [K] pca Cathode pressure [bar] poz Oxygen partial pressure [bar] psat Water saturation pressure [bar] The saturation pressure of water as a function of temperature [2] is given by: In the formula above, psat is in [kPa]. 3. Ohmic overvoltage, ηohm The Ohmic overvoltage is proportional to the membrane resistance: where Rohm is the internal specific resistance [Ω .cm2]. The value for this parameter can be determined as follows: where tm is the membrane thickness [cm]. The membrane conductivity σm is a function of the membrane water content λm and the temperature Tfc as in the following: Here, we can assume that the water content of the membrane is equal to the relative humidity of the cathode and it varies in the range of 0 to 14 corresponding (proportionally) to 0 to 100% RH respectively. 4. Concentration overvoltage, ηcon An approximation of the concentration overvoltage [V] to match experimental data is: where c2, c3 and imax are constants that depend on the temperature and reactant partial pressure and can be determined empirically. where i is the current density in [A/cm2] and Tfc is the temperature in [K]. References [1] J. T. Pukrushpan, A. G. Stefanopoulou, and H. Peng, “Control of fuel cell power systems: principles, modeling, analysis and feedback design”, Springer Science & Business Media, 2004. [2] J.C. Amphlett, R.M. Baumert, R.F. Mann, B.A. Peppley, and P.R. Roberge, “Performance modeling of the Ballard Mark IV solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell”, Journal of Electrochemical Society, 142(1):9-15, 1995.
MFIN 7007 HW3 Please submit your answers as a single pdf document to moodle by March 16 (Saturday) morning 9 am. Solutions will be posted soon. Please name your document using the following format: Your Name_Subclass X_HW3.pdf. Question 1 (optimal reserve). Assume there is a single buyer. The seller knows that the buyer's valuation for the object is a random number (real number) that is uniformly distributed over [20,100], whereas the buyer knows the realization. The buyer will purchase if the price does not exceed his valuation. The seller has no use for the object (values it at zero). She is risk neutral (maximizes expected profit). She sets a reserve price of r. What is the optimal reserve? What is the seller's expected profit at this reserve? Question 2 (Cournot competition). Assume demand is 100 - p. Two firms have constant but different marginal costs: cost function for firm A is 10q and cost function for firm B is 15q. Suppose in equilibrium the two firms produce qA and qB respectively. What are qA and qB? What is the profit for each firm? Question 3 (Collusion). Consider the setting in Question 2. Suppose the two firms collude to maximize the sum of the two firms'profits. What will be the total profit of the two firms? 1 Question: Switching Costs Consider two airlines, A and B, flying the same route and engaging in a single-period Cournot competition. Industry demand (the demand from the entire population of customers) is q = 100 - p, and each firm has a constant unit cost of 10 (total cost is 10 times the quantity produced). Suppose in the past 50% (randomly determined) of the consumers had flown A and the other 50% flown B. Now each firm announces that it will offer a "frequent-flyer" discount of 10 to anyone who flew on its flight before. Furthermore, suppose that firm B suffers an unexpected capacity constraint so that its quantity is fixed at a low level of qB = 15. Firm A does not have such a constraint and is free to choose any qA. For all qA ≥ 15, find the market prices (before discounts) pA and pB for the two firms'products as a function of qA. Question: When target has superior information Suppose the target has private information about VT (target's standalone value). The target knows the realization of VT , but the acquirer only knows VT is uniformly distributed over [0,120]. The acquirer has standalone value of VA = 200, which is publicly known (no information asymmetry about it). Once the two firms merge, a synergy of s = 30 (publicly known) emerges. Suppose the acquirer makes a take it or leave it cash offer of c ≤ 120 to the target. — Find the acquirer's expected profit πA as a function of c. What value of c maximizes πA? What is the value of πA at this c? Suppose the acquirer makes a take it or leave it offer of paying the target with a fraction α of the joint firm's equities. — Find the acquirer's expected profit πA as a function of α. What is the value of πA when α = 0:14, is this value higher than the maximum value of πA (which you find in the previous question) when the acquirer offers cash? Question: Target screening when acquirer has superior information A single acquirer has standalone value VA. The acquirer knows the realization of VA, whereas the target (or financial market) only knows that VA is distributed uniformly over [1; 2]. The target's standalone value is publicly known (without information asymmetry), which we set to be zero to simplify calculation. The synergy the acquirer can create in the merger is an increasing function of VA (a higher type acquirer can create more synergy): (this functional form. is publicly known). The target makes a take it or leave it proposal to the acquirer. Consider the following screening mechanism in which the target presents a menu with infinite choices of payment methods, asking the acquirer to choose one of them. Choices are indexed by a continuous variable z. — Ask the acquirer to report a type (a real number) z 2 [1; 2]. — Given the reported z, the acquirer pays the target with a fraction of equity in the joint firm (which decreases in z) plus a cash payment of 1+0:05z2 (which increases in z). — The reporting of type is voluntary: the acquirer is free to report any z 2 [1; 2], or to refuse to report (hence decline the takeover) if reporting leads to a negative profit. — We now examine the choice of the acquirer who has standalone value VA. Let h(VA; z) denote the acquirerís profit if it reports z. Questions: Find the expression for h(VA; z). Find the values of h(VA = 1:5; z = 1:4), h(VA = 1:5; z = 1:5) and h(VA = 1:5; z = 1:6).
The Attention Economy Tim Chatfield is a British writer and philosopher. His latest book is How to Think, published in 2021. This essay has been edited for length and British spellings. How many other things are you doing right now while you’re reading this piece? Are you also checking your email, glancing at your Twitter feed, and updating your Facebook page? What five years ago David Foster Wallace labeled ‘Total Noise’ — ‘the seething static of every particular thing and experience, and one’s total freedom of infinite choice about what to choose to attend to’ — is today just part of the texture of living on a planet that will, by next year, boast one mobile phone for each of its seven billion inhabitants. We are all amateur attention economists, hoarding and bartering our moments — or watching them slip away down the cracks of a thousand YouTube clips. If you’re using a free online service, the adage goes, you are the product. It’s an arresting line, but one that deserves putting more precisely: it’s not you, but your behavioral data and the quantifiable facts of your engagement that are constantly blended for sale, with the aggregate of every single interaction (yours included) becoming a mechanism for ever-more-finely tuning the business of attracting and retaining users. Attention, thus conceived, is an inert and finite resource, like oil or gold: a tradable asset that the wise manipulator auctions off to the highest bidder or speculates upon to lucrative effect. There has even been talk of the world reaching ‘peak attention’, by analogy to peak oil production, meaning the moment at which there is no more spare attention left to spend. In Latin, the verb attendere — from which our word ‘attention’ derives — literally means to stretch towards. A compound of ad (‘towards’) and tendere (‘to stretch’), it invokes an archetypal image: one person bending towards another in order to attend to them, both physically and mentally. Attending is closely connected to anticipation. Soldiers snap to attention to signify readiness and respect — and to embody it. Unable to read each others’ minds, we demand outward shows of mental engagement. Teachers shout ‘Pay attention!’ at slumped students whose thoughts have meandered, calling them back to the place they’re in. Time, presence and physical attentiveness are our most basic proxies for something ultimately unprovable: that we are understood. We watch a 30-second ad in exchange for a video; we solicit a friend’s endorsement; we freely pour sentence after sentence, hour after hour, into status updates and stock responses. None of this depletes our bank balances. Yet its cumulative cost, while hard to quantify, affects many of those things we hope to put at the heart of a happy life: rich relationships, rewarding leisure, meaningful work, peace of mind. What kind of attention do we deserve from those around us, or owe to them in return? What kind of attention do we ourselves deserve, or need, if we are to be ‘us’ in the fullest possible sense? These aren’t questions that even the most finely tuned popularity contest can resolve. Yet, if contentment and a sense of control are partial measures of success, many of us are selling ourselves far too cheap. Are you still paying attention? I can look for signs, but in the end I can’t control what you think or do. And this must be the beginning of any sensible discussion. No matter who or what tells you otherwise, you have the perfect right to ignore me — and to decide for yourself what waits in each waking moment. What is the most important decision we have to make about paying attention, according to Chatfield?
BIOX7008 Biotechnology Research Courses 1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH General guidance on how to perform project work, and your responsibilities as part of a team will be given by your supervisor or the person appointed to act as your mentor for this course. Please do not hesitate to ask for their advice if you are uncertain of any aspects (e.g. safety, rules and manners, expected hours of work, dress code, how to obtain specialised chemicals or commercially purified enzymes, how to use a piece of equipment, how to maintain an appropriate record of your work, data organisation and storage etc). 2. WORKBOOK You need to maintain a record of the work you are doing (commonly using a laboratory notebook) as evidence that the work has been conducted. Recording your work allows others to see the details of what you have done, avoids needless repetition of experiments/data collection, facilitates progression of the work when you have moved on and is needed in support of future publication. You are expected to keep a comprehensive record of your day-to-day work, fully dated and indexed. This notebook will contain protocols, details of exactly how work was performed day-to-day (including appropriate weightings, volumes, photographs, search strategies etc.), all raw data (or a note of where voluminous data collections, such as chart recorder traces, are held). 3. PROJECT PLAN Early in your project you will be required to produce a project plan containing an introduction to your area of research (length is dependent on the unit value of your course), together with a brief description of the aims of your project and the methodologies you intend to use to achieve these aims (one page regardless of the course). For specific details of the outline, please refer to the outline student guide. 4. RESEARCH REPORT The plan should be prepared using a word processor: page margins will be set to 2cm all round, pages will be numbered, font of 12pt Calibri or Times New Roman (or equivalent) is acceptable, line spacing of 1.5 will be used. The first page of the project plan (not counted in the total number pages) should carry your project title, course code your name and student number, and your supervisor’s details. One of the arts of scientific writing is to organise ideas and results concisely and with little repetition. The total length, (NOT including references, figures, tables) cannot exceed the length specified in Table I (page 3) or penalties will be applied in marking. Most reports will consist of abstract, introduction, materials and methods (or experimental), results and discussion, conclusion and bibliography. However there may be instances, such as industrial placement, where an alternative format is justified, this should be agreed with the course coordinator. 4.1 Abstract An abstract of 200-300 words should be included at the beginning of the report. This should present clearly and concisely the aims of your work, the most important observations that you have made and the salient conclusions drawn (i.e. what you wanted to do, what you found and what it means). 4.2 Introduction The introduction should aim to provide a clear rationale for the experiments undertaken and put them in the context of available knowledge. Avoid producing a turgid review of the literature that just shows how many possibly useful papers you have found. It may be useful to clearly state your aims and any hypothesis being tested by your experimental program at the end of the introduction. Note that although the hypothesis or underlying assumption(s) is the most important part of any scientific endeavour, it may be so obvious that it may not need enunciation as such. For example, if you merely wish to purify and characterise an enzyme, the hypothesis is that such an enzyme exists in the particular sample of the organism under investigation, and that the enzyme resembles other enzymes which have been characterised by the sorts of analysis that you propose. On the other hand, active site investigation of an enzyme may rely on a working hypothesis involving the presence of particular amino acid residues that react with substrate via a particular mechanism. 4.3 Materials and Methods/Experimental For noting: In a biological project Materials and Methods are usually presented prior to the Results and Discussion section(s). In chemistry/drug discovery projects this is usually titled “Experimental” and comes after the Results and Discussion. This section should give a level of detail sufficient for the work to be repeated and which allows the reader to understand how the results described were obtained. Where published methods have been used, briefly describe the principle and acknowledge the method by citation rather than by reiteration of the methodological detail (details of the method should be present in your workbook). If methods are unpublished, are "in-house" recipes, have been substantially modified from those previously published, or if entirely new protocols have been developed, then these should be more fully described. 4.4 Results This section should present, in the clearest manner possible, the data gathered relevant to your report. This does not mean you must include every result that you obtained. Present results in a logical order, not necessarily the order in which you carried out your work. Use diagrams and tables freely; many studies have shown that information is more effectively imparted in this manner. The text of this section should draw attention to features of your results that will be picked up for further consideration in the Discussion. The results should not just be stated, but should be presented in a reasonable context so that the reader does not have to work out for him/herself what is important. It is also extremely annoying (resulting in loss of marks) if the Discussion dwells at length on data not mentioned in the Results. Conversely, detailed discussion should not be presented in Results, but should be left to the Discussion section of your paper. 4.5 Discussion Here is your opportunity to demonstrate your scientific insight, and flair for the synthesis of ideas and hypotheses, i.e. the ability to draw the appropriate conclusions from your data. Whilst a report is often the one opportunity that you have for scientific speculation, hard-nosed referees will not let you get away with it in the published literature unless it represents a useful working hypothesis for future experiments. Thus, you should not try to extend your interpretations of your data beyond the bounds of credibility. In some cases a combined Results and Discussion section is more appropriate for reporting your work. In this case a short, 1-2 page, Conclusions section helps highlight the most significant observations that you have made. 4.6 Bibliography The references should all be collected together into a single bibliography and presented in a consistent manner. The use of in text citation software, such as EndNote, is strongly recommended. When using citation software YOU need to check the input of references into the software so that they are entered in a consistent manner. The software is not magic and can only give out what you put in (garbage in=garbage out) . If you do not have access to in text citation software, one way to organise the references is NOT to number them but to cite them in the text, e.g. as Smith and Jones (1998), Smith et al., (1999, 2002), and so on. As long as they are not numbered, it is easy to add in additional references found at (or forgotten until) the last minute. The bibliography can then be arranged in alphabetical order by your word processor. References must be consistently presented using the punctuation style. of any common journal, e.g. Foster, L., Mouse, M., & Rat, K. (1972). J. Irrep. Res. 23: 490-512. Use standard abbreviations for journal names. Titles must be included as they assist the examiner to assess the scope of the articles. For example: Foster, L., Mouse, M., & Christ, J. (1972). The effect of hypoxia on free divers. J. Irrep. Res. 23: 490-512. Titles must be presented consistently either capitalise or not but do not mix and match styles as you will lose marks. 4.7 Figures and Tables Clearly labelled figures and tables should be inserted in the text as near as possible to the place they are first mentioned. This is important as it avoids your reader/assessor having to hunt through your document to find the figures/tables. Figures should be accompanied by a brief title and legend usually presented below the figure (the title plus legend should make it possible to comprehend the figure without recourse to the text). Tables also require a title but this is typically placed above the table itself, the table also had a legend or footnotes. 4.8 Abbreviations Use abbreviations and acronyms sparingly. A general rule of thumb is to use abbreviations when the term appears more than three (3) times in the report. Always define an abbreviation the first time it is used. Some abbreviations are in such general use that you don't need to define them e.g. DNA or RNA 5. SUBMITTING YOUR RESEARCH REPORT At the end of the semester, you should submit your report by the due date and time given in the electronic course profile (ECP). Extensions beyond this deadline will only be granted under exceptional circumstances (full details are listed in the course ECP). The report will be assessed by two independent examiners. 6. RESEARCH REPORT MARKING CRITERIA The marking criteria can be found in the ECP. 7.TABLE I Unit Value Suggested length (in pages)** Max total length* Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods/ Experimental Results Discussion #2 units 15 1 3-4 2-3 4-5 2-4 #4 units 25 1 5-6 3-5 7-10 4-6 #8 units 40 1 8-11 4-6 12-15 5-8 #16 units 80 1 14-18 8-12 24-32 10-17 *excludes bibliography, tables and figures. **chemistry projects will often have a longer experimental section and merge results with discussion
